A Study On The Relationship Between The Phenomenon Of Pardon And The Replacement Attack Of College Students

Displaced aggression usually occurs the situation where a person is provoked,but he/she is unable to retaliate against the original provocative person, andsubsequently takes his/her aggression against a seemingly innocent target. Being acommon phenomenon of daily life, the displaced aggression has a strong appeal tomany foreign researchers. The related research, however, is rare in China. In thisresearch, the author based on relevant literatures of the displaced aggression, discussthe concept of displaced aggression, its theoretical basis and influential factors. At thesame time, the author revises the Displaced Aggression Questionnaire edited byDenson and Thomas F, and selects undergraduates as sample.Forgiveness has been one of the important topics in positive psychology research.The studies have suggested that forgiveness can relieve the interpersonal conflict andresolve campus violence. Being a variable of personalities, dispositional forgivenesswill influence the degree of aggression towards targets. In this research, firstly, theauthor revises above said the Displaced Aggression Questionnaire and the HeartlandForgiveness Scale, then by using item analysis, EFA(Exploratory Factor Analysis),CFA(confirmatory Factor Analysis) and reliability analysis, Respectively, the authorobtains revised Undergraduates Displacement Questionnaire (which includes21items and has a good reliability and validity) and the revised Heartland ForgivenessScale for undergraduates (This includes14items, and has a good reliability andvalidity). Then using them, the author formally tests950Undergraduates, andexplores the status quo, the characteristics and influential factors of students displacedaggression and dispositional forgiveness, as well as the relationship between them.The results are as follows:1. The revised displaced aggression questionnaire can be applied toundergraduates, which consists of three dimensions. The first one is angry rumination,containing5items. The second one is general tendency to engage in displacedaggression, containing7items. The third one is revenge planning, containing9items.All the three dimensions have good reliability and validity. 2. The revised Heartland Forgiveness Scale can be applied to undergraduates,which consists of three dimensions. The first one is the positive forgiveness for othersand circumstance, containing6items. The second one is negative forgiveness forothers and circumstance, containing5items. The third one is selfhood forgiveness,containing3items. All the three dimensions have good reliability and validity.3. The student level of displaced aggression is slightly below the middle one, butthe level of forgiveness tendency is over the middle one.4. The characteristics of undergraduates displaced aggression indicated that (1)on the dimension of general tendency to engage in displaced aggression, femalestudents earn significantly higher scores than those of male students; but on thedimension of revenge planning, male students’ test scores are obviously higher thanthose of female students’.(2) Only-child students’ score on the dimension of revengeplanning is significantly higher than that of students with siblings.(3) The studentswhose major is liberal arts get higher scores on the second dimension than thosewhose major is science and engineering.(4) The city students get higher scores on thedimension of revenge planning than those of students living in rural areas and towns.(5)Senior students’ scores on the total questionnaire and three dimensions aresignificantly higher than those of freshman students. Junior students’ scores on thetotal questionnaire and the dimension of revenge planning and the dimension ofgeneral tendency to engage in displaced aggression are significantly higher than thoseof freshman and sophomore students.5. The characteristics of college students’ dispositional forgiveness indicate that(1) Male students’ test scores on the three dimensions are significantly higher thanfemale students’.(2) Han nationality students get higher scores on the dimension ofpositive forgiveness than minority nationality students’.(3) Only-child students’scores on the total scale are significantly higher than those of students with siblings.(4) Freshman students’ scores on the dimension of positive forgiveness aresignificantly higher than junior students’. Junior students get higher scores on thedimension of negative forgiveness than those of freshman.6. The total sore of the displaced aggression and relevant dimensions negativelycorrelate with the total score of forgiveness, positive forgiveness and self forgiveness, but positively associate with negative forgiveness. The regression analysis resultsindicated that undergraduates displaced aggression can significantly predictdispositional forgiveness.