A Study Of "Sentence Teaching" In Chinese As A Foreign Language

The grammatical structure"shi......de"is an extensively used structure in modern Chinese language, a key point in the education of Chinese language and an aporia in learning Chinese language for the foreigners as well. It has caused broad studies of numerous scholars concerning to the syntax,discourse function and the issues in educations of the structure "shi......de". On the basis of the predecessors’previous studies of the structure "shi......de",the descendants continuously refine the descriptions and constantly attempt to deepen the explanations to the structure "shi......de’". Concerned with the parts of speech and functions of the "shi"and"de"in the structure"shi......de",although multitudinous academicians have raised countless articles about this structure, there are still plenty of problems in the actual educational practices. Despite the international students have studied the structure "shi......de"in their elementary stage, it is, however full of mistakes and misusages at the senior level.This article is divided into three parts, the introduction, text and conclusion.The first part is the introduction in which we recalled and summarized the studies done by the predecessors, and briefly stated the author’s reasons, studying methods and purposes of the selection of this subject. The text, in Chapter 1, we absorbed the studies of the predecessors and discussed the similarities and differences between the structures of "shi......de"and "shi"+"de",furthermore we cleared the issue of locations for"shi"and’"de" in sentences. Meanwhile we classified the structure "shi......de" into 5 syntactical structures in reference with the related literatures and the patterns of the biased errors to be discussed in the following article.In chapter 2, a questionnaire is designed to survey the overseas students in Yangzhou University and Nanjing Normal University about the usage of this sentential structure. Through statistics, we collect corpus and errors and categorize these errors into several types and give analysis about the reason of these errors. In the meanwhile, through learning the method of previous scholars, we survey the students overseas about the using condition of this sentence structure in specific context, finding that in this situation the students’error rate increase obviously. And students in different Chinese levels have different error type and error rate. Similarly, we classify the errors for "’shi...de" structure into four groups and specify these four groups according to four sub-structure of "shi...de". analyzing the omission. overrepresentation, addition, misordering under four sub-structures. All these conceptions will be covered in detail. And then, the causes of errors are analyzed from three aspects, namely the negative transfer of target language, the study strategy of learners and the influence of study environment.In Chapter 3, based on the researches in previous parts, we put forward some principles on teaching Chinese as foreign language, hoping to provide some reference for Chinese teachers.