The Ecological Effects During Urbanization In West China

The strategy of exploiting the West China provided an uncommon chance for the development of that area, which is now seriously hindered by the social economy structure of urban areas and rural areas, the extremely weak basal facilities and the feeble environment, while developing urbanization is an important approach to resolve these problems. Cities and towns are important supports for exploiting the West China while urbanization is the central step, so to a certain extent, the course of exploiting the West China is the course that the urbanization gradually develops in the western part of China. As a sword of two sides, however, the urbanization has caused more and more environmental problems such as pollutions and ecological destroy as well as promoting the development of economy and society, which has seriously influenced the area that has such a feeble environment. So, studying on the problems of ecological effects during urbanization and revealing the influence and rules has a realistic, positive and perpetual significance in overcoming the probable blindness and the destroys to the environment during urbanization, developing the urbanization stably and reasonably, enhancing the environmental establishment, realizing the sustainable development of society and economy, and at last the realizing of the whole modernization in the western part of China. Through the review of urbanization history and the analysis of the urbanization actuality in the West china, the study found out some problems of urbanization development and researched the ecological effects from the angle of society, economy and environment, then summarized the regularity of urbanization and the environment, also pointed out the approaches of harmonious development. The urbanization influenced population from two sides, the quantity and the quality. Urbanization enhanced the quality of population as well as increasing the population in cities and towns, represented at the decreasing difference compared to the middle and eastern pat of the country on the education level, the general death rate, the death rate of infants and the average anticipative longevity. Urbanization also promoted the economic development, optimized the adjustment of regional industries and improved the establishment of basal facilities. The development of urbanization changed the ways of land's utilization, from 1997 to 2002, the farmland and meadow decreased while the gardens, forestry, residential areas and mineral areas had a tendency of increase. The ecological effects of urbanization mainly included pollution effect, climate effect, water environment effect and geography effect. As the urbanization developed, more and more polluting substances would be released, which would bring a pollution effect by polluting the environment seriously. The changes on the regional climate taken by the urbanization mainly were the increase of air temperature, the decrease of relative humidity, sunlight and the radiant intension. Also the development of urbanization influenced the water resource by increasing the blood and the ground water as well as decreasing the underground water, furthermore, there was a serious water shortage in cities and towns. To some extent, the development of urbanization changed the physiognomy and caused some ecological disaster such as sedimentation of ground and soil losing, meanwhile, it also influenced the soil from the structure, ecological functions and constitution, and polluted the soil because of the releasing of deleterious substances. The study took Shanxi province for example, analyzed the regularity between urbanization development and its effects on the environment and examined the environmental conditions according to a series of systems. The results showed that the urbanization development was not in harmony with the environmental quality and they still had a hostile relation, so the conclusion was detected that the negative effects were more than the positive effects between them. At last, the approaches for the harmonious development between urbanization and environment were advanced, including directing the layouts of cities and towns according to the ecological theories, programming the industry layouts scientifically, developing a system of ecological economy, optimizing the resources structure and encouraging people to use clean resources, exploiting the water resource reasonably in order to realize the sustainable utilization, attaching more importance to the ecological technology and perfecting the basal facilities for environmental protection, making and carrying out environmental program and perfecting the environmental laws, enhancing the public consciousness and advocating the ecological consumption in order to alleviate the burden of the environment.