Research On Mechanism Of Demand And Supply In The Freight Transport Market

Transport demand and supply depend on each other. In the market economy, transport demand is the premise and foundation of transport supply. Transportation establishment construction and transportation organization should be according to transport demand. Transport supply always changes according to transport demand. But after the transport supply forms, it will constitute a relatively independent field and has its own characteristics and disciplines. It will react to demand and promote economy development. Doing research on mechanism of them is good for society to coordinate transport demand and supply and to advance efficiency of transportation system by modern logistics.This thesis firstly gives the meanings, species, characteristics and influencing factors of freight transport demand. The factors are described by natural conditions, national scale and level, industry structure, political and economy system, population and resistances of freight transport demand and then the factors are quantified. For constructing interregional freight transport demand forecasting model, after the general theory of gravity model is introduced, it devises gravity model of interregional freight transport demand referring to gravity model of transportation planning study and trade theory, gives its solution based on partial least square regression, puts the quantified factors into gravity model of interregional freight transport demand to get interregional freight transport demand forecasting model and demonstrates the model by data. As for transport supply, firstly, the thesis narrates conception, structure and characteristics of transport supply. Secondly, it summarizes economy, politics, science and technology and price as the main factors influencing transport supply. Thirdly these factors are quantified and put into transport supply function to construct linear regression model of transport supply. Fourthly it takes our country for example to demonstrate the model.In the last part of the thesis, the existing relation of demand and supply in the transportmarket is analyzed by combining transport demand and supply and then it points out the comparative equilibrium between transport supply and demand is the object should be sought. Elasticity model of transport supply relative to freight transport demand is constructed. The measures to adjust transport supply for comparative equilibrium of demand and supply are obtained by elasticity model according to respective change of freight transport demand and transport supply and their relation. The transportation developing situation of our country is taken for elasticity analysis.