Multifunction Data Acquisition System Design Of Geological Disasters

Whether in the economy or the extent of civilization, with the progress of society, geological disasters bring us more and more impact which can not be ignored. For example, mountain and rock landslides occurred, and this will cause personal accident, even can also cause a lot of trouble to production and life, maybe even a lot of people were casualties. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal production and work in our society, collect the time-varying data of mountain and rock is very necessary for prevention of mountain and rock landslide phenomenon. In this paper, using acoustic emission technique, groundwater level monitoring technology, relative displacement monitoring techniques, stress monitoring technology, mudslides to sound monitoring technology, pore water pressure monitoring technology to collect various monitoring signal, analysis the monitor changes in the state and predict the occurrence of geological disasters.This paper studies the acoustic emission signals, groundwater level monitoring signal, the relative displacement monitoring signal, stress monitoring signal, mudslides to sound monitoring signal, pore water pressure Signal and Acquisition System of mountain rocks, The system is a remote controlled system,it is consist of overhead computer and following system. PC system by the operator interface PC-based control system, and lower machine system is a microprocessor controlled data acquisition system, the host computer system and lower computer systems through the use of radio wireless transmission to transmit data to achieve, and the corresponding connect PC system and slave system between stations is achieved through the serial port. In this system, the signal processing module, the design uses a programmable filter chip MAX262 and collected PGA308 programmable amplifier chip signal processing, the process used by the microcontroller can be programmed to set the magnification and the MAX262 filter PGA308 work center frequency and quality factor. After using the two programmable filter and amplifier chip, can be used in the actual process, the appropriate signal amplification change depending on the situation and the selection of useful signal frequency.PC system is the user interface of geological hazard data acquisition system, the operator through the interface, set the operating parameters controller system, query the lower position machine system status, read data acquisition controller system, storage, acoustic emission signal data, etc.. Lower computer system is controlled by the MCU data acquisition system, the microcontroller is set according to the host control command acquisition frequency sensor chip set filter center frequency and quality factor, set the gain amplification magnification chips and the like. Analog signal into the microcontroller through built-in A/D conversion to digital signals collected uploaded to the host computer system. The main contents are as follows:First introduced the significance of the research background and study design, the acoustic emission technique, groundwater level monitoring technology, relative displacement monitoring techniques, stress monitoring technology, mudslides to sound monitoring technology, pore water pressure monitoring technology and its characteristics and the technology The basic principle.Furthermore, through the practical requirements of our design we completed the design of geological disasters multifunction data acquisition system, based on actual needs to achieve the function we selected the appropriate hardware facilities, such as with respect to the acoustic emission techniques, groundwater level monitoring technology, relative displacement monitoring technology, stress monitoring technology selection, mudslides to sound monitoring technology, select pore water pressure monitoring technology of multiple sensors, programmable filter chip and programmable amplifier chip type selection, select the corresponding single chip, the radio model, etc., and at the same time also completed the design work system circuit.Finally, we designed the software control of the system, the software part of this design is divided into storage PC software and lower machine software, PC software, including our PC user interface, drawing waveform display and data collected function, lower computer software includes the design of the control part of the data collection, filtering and amplification parameters to achieve after the signal acquisition, data collection will be uploaded to the host computer’s operating and receiving PC issued part of the various commands.The design will use a variety of sensors and alarms, and other specialized equipment crack, collecting a variety of data geological changes, by radio, the information is transmitted to the monitoring room, conducted by professional analysts and sends the results to the relevant departments for early warning process will be within a certain range of landslides, mudslides and other phenomena as the object of the design, monitoring and mutagenic reason temporal deformation and failure of real-time monitoring and access. Based on geological disasters related factors analysis and processing, to stabilize the situation and changes in geological disasters body to make predictions. Meanwhile, after obtaining the landslides, mudslides and the collapse of the distribution of space, you can place an impending geological disaster was predicted to reduce the threat of geological disasters on human life and property arising. This design not only satisfy the versatile features, but also to meet the automation needs of a variety of geological disasters in the data can be collected and transmitted, it can be saved to real-time accurate data to make management of geological disaster management department can work more efficiently, which can prevent the coming disaster, reducing the occurrence of a serious loss of geological disasters on human life and safety of life, property and other produce. The design compared to conventional data collection system in terms of its multifunctional characteristics, it can be a variety of geological disasters in data collection, and the conduct of data transmission using a special radio equipment for wireless data transmission; flexible very high and very fast propagation characteristics, this design not only can quickly collect comprehensive information on a variety of geological disasters, but also through wireless transmission technology to transmit the data collected can be timely and comprehensive geological disasters information gathering and early warning of geological disasters based on understanding of the situation, to reduce the impact of geological disasters on human life and social development of.