Optimized Design Of The Guide-ways Size And Lathe Bed Structure Of The Slant Bed Lathe

Machine tool is the carrier of industrial production, in the process of machine tool design, design of the guide joint as well as the supporting is an important part. With the continuous development of science and technology, the past experience design method of machine tool already could not meet the requirements of modern machine tool design. Today’s society, a high efficiency, low energy consumption, high performance machine design method facing the design of joint surface and supports of machine tool to be developed. This article we discussed guide joint size design and supporting lightweight structure design based on the performance of machine static stiffness.Take a machine tool with a slant bed lathe in the major project as an example, through the qualitative research between the performance and size of the guide rail system, combined with the traditional design method of machine tool guide rail size, a more reasonable guide-rail system size design method is put forward. Then complete saddle-bed guide rail system size design of slant bed use the researched method, Finally finish the bed structure lightweight design according to the theory of structural optimization. To sum up, in this paper, the concrete research content is as follows:(1) The related theories applied in this paper are introduced, including the Finite Element Method, Optimal Structure Theory and the Least Square Theory numerically fitted by orthogonal function. The application method and scope of each theory, as well as the calculation process and application examples are illustrated.(2) A preliminary study on the performance of machine tool guide-way system is conducted. As each parts of the system has different stiffness, the guide rail span is different to achieve optimal performance. Therefore, we hope to get the optimal span through the study of the various parts’ stiffness of rail system.(3) According to design methodology based on the size of guide-way for machining tools in the above analysis, the stiffness of various parts for the bed rail system, that involves saddle and bed in slant bed lathe, can be studied, respectively. And then, the span and contact length of the rail system can be analyzed. It is essential to make the comparison for performance between the optimal guide-way structure and original one. While the static stiffness performance of optimal guide-way structure can be improved by9%compared with the original structure. (4) Build the mechanical model to solve the load on the bed under the condition of common working. Build the physical model of the bed and then design the structure by the topological optimization method using the software Opti Struct. As a result, the optimal material distribution inside the structure of bed can be got. According to the result of topology optimization structure, the style of supporting plates and main ribs for the lathe bed were designed. Moreover, the sizes design should be optimized because of the roughly sizes from the original structure, obtaining the optimal structure of lathe bed. Through the analysis and comparison between the original lathe bed performance and the performance of the optimized lathe bed structure, the performance of optimized lathe bed is as good as the original lathe bed, at the same time, reduce8.38%in weight, reached the design target.