| Fishery particularly freshwater fishery is important components of China's agriculture, and is one of the basic industries to increase peasant incomes. Hubei is a province with abundant fishery resources, but its fisheries economy is not strong. Along with the rapid development of freshwater fisheries in Hubei province, there are many competitive disadvantages, such as deficiency in fisheries economic performance, the slow pace of development of famous aquatic breeding, urgent needs to adjust the structure of fishing,etc. So, what are the impact factors and how much impact in the development of freshwater fisheries in Hubei Province? In the current competitive market economy conditions, can Hubei's freshwater fisheries continue to maintain a good momentum of development? These are not only related to the economic benefits of freshwater fisheries, but also agriculture and rural economic development in Hubei Province.Based on in-depth analysis of fisheries resources and its economic status in Hubei Province, this paper studied the characteristics of freshwater fisheries in the production, processing, distribution and other links, empirical studied of the effect factors in the development of freshwater fisheries, established CD production function model to analyze, identified nine key issues including the problems both in policy support and the processing, transport enterprises and farmers, etc, and in the final concluded with the relevant countermeasures and proposals to speed up the development of freshwater fisheries in Hubei Province.This paper based on industrial chain-related theory analysis, and adopted the empirical research methods of combining statistical analysis with econometric analysis. Using variance analysis, it analyzed freshwater fish production, Montrose new and fine fish, shrimps and crabs in the bulk of the calendar year; using statistical analysis, it analyzed fishery production value, fishing population, per capita income of fishermen over the years in Hubei Province; using gray system, it forecasted aquaculture area; using variance analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis, it analyzed the focus of Hubei Province Fisheries city(county); using CD production function method, it analyzed the effect factors in the development of freshwater fisheries in Hubei Province.The main content of this study and conclusions are as follows: Freshwater fisheries accounted for a large proportion of Hubei's national economy and farmers'income. Since 2003, Aquaculture revenue growth in farm income ranked the first one for five consecutive years in "big agriculture", and Fisheries growth rate was 3 times of the primary industry net income's average growth rate. Aquaculture species developed from the previous mainly "four people fish" to now a variety of new and fine varieties of Montrose, including more than 40 varieties. The output of species other than "Four people fish" accounted for up to 75%. The internal structure of freshwater fisheries has been continuously optimized. Fishery primary industry developed rapidly, accounting for more than a major, but a downward trend, while fishing secondary and tertiary industries not a high proportion but rapid growth with the proportion rising in recent years.Hubei Province had become China's largest province of freshwater products processing, and the industry chain extended constantly. The province's aquatic products processing enterprises, more and more processing capacity increases, more and more processed varieties. Freshwater Products processed and exported for many years ranked first in the country. Aquatic flows increasingly wide distribution channels more and more smoothly. The rapid development of aquaculture cooperative economic organizations, technical support is growing, aquatic products quality and safety supervision system is also gradually improving.This paper selected the main input factors indicators which affecting freshwater fisheries development in Hubei Province, established CD production function model to calculate the area of freshwater aquaculture, capital and labor elastic coefficient were as follows:0.632442,0.022279,0.472997, so the sum of coefficients was greater than 1 which indicated Hubei provincial freshwater fisheries'returns to scale was increasing. All elements'contribution rates showed that fishing labor is ranked first, capital second, fresh water aquaculture area third, so freshwater fishery was labor-intensive industry in Hubei Province.At present, the development of freshwater fisheries in Hubei Province is still facing the following aspects of problems:poor infrastructure, decline in species quality, an increased risk of breeding due to increased water pollution, the increasing number of various types of fish diseases and backward farming techniques, low levels of aquatic products processing, backward means of transport, slow development of the professional fishermen's cooperative organizations, the restrictions on various subjects to become bigger and stronger because of difficulty in obtaining loans, hidden quality of aquatic products, the unsound relevant legal measures, etc. These problems plague the in-depth development of freshwater fisheries in Hubei Province.Through the preceding analysis, we can draw conclusions of this research. To further promote the development of freshwater fisheries in Hubei Province, the following aspects should be done:to Increase investment to greatly improve the fisheries infrastructure, to improve aquatic seed breeding system, to construct a comprehensive technology system, to increase the fishermen' technical level, to develop vigorously the fishing industry insurance, to increase processing enterprise support, to encourage the use of modern transport equipment, to speed up the support of professional fisheries cooperative organizations, to improve the quality of aquatic products, to further improve the relevant laws of the supporting measures. Only a variety of measures to complement each other and many ways to deal can promote the healthy development of freshwater fisheries. |
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