The Study On The Energy Analysis Of Black Soil Ecosystem And Its Management Of Heilongjiang Province

The Black soil region of Heilongjiang Province is an important grain production area. The grain production is directly related to our food security and sustainable development of our national economy. Since the 90s of last century, under the influence of the technological revolution in food production increase, grain output has been increased.But its growth in recent years is not very big, mainly because the process of reclamation of natural conditions and human factors, led to increasingly serious soil erosion, Soil organic matter content decreased year after year. Black face make ends meet farmland ecosystem status, for the future sustainable development of farmland ecological challenges. Therefore, the black soil farmland ecosystem status and its problems become the focus of attention of government and scientists. I used energy analysis theory of the black soil of Heilongjiang province's farmland ecological system of matter and energy research, by locating the information, field surveys, computer data processing method of input to the Black Soil in the ecosystem environment renewable energy , natural non-renewable energy, industrial support to non-renewable, renewable organic energy, carry out one by one calculation, the energy value through specific indicators of natural, human, social and economic activities, science and technology on the black soil ecosystems and contribution. This method solves the original sum in the agro-ecological system and can be compared to a variety of industries and a variety of biomass, solar energy can now be added to the value of this common essence, compared to comprehensive and objective analysis of natural resources and socio-economic activities on the black land of human impact and sustainable utilization of black soil.In my opinion, first choice of study plots: Heilongjiang Province, an area of 482.5 hectares the total black soil, black soil area of 3.606 million hectares of cultivated land is the major cultivated soil of Heilongjiang province, in the distribution of the black soil covered the major cities, districts, County centralized distribution statistics, found that: Hulan District, Hailun,Bayan,,Baiquan,Suihua , the most concentrated black distribution, the five points in Hulan District, Hong Kim cultivated 174,168 acres of black soil, accounted for 80% of the total area of the town over the booming town of Bayan area of 2,158,311 acres of black soil farmland, accounting for 92.1% of the total area of cultivated land, on the Black Soil has a strong representation; these two samples of natural distribution area and the Black administrative regions in good agreement on the future integrity of statistics and surveys, provided a systematic analysis of pre-conditions; followed by the use of the energy value of the theory, analysis of indicators directly through the energy value of land use conditions, the productivity of the land situation the level of local economic development, farmland ecosystem dependence on the natural environment and its sustainable development potential diagnosed, and the problems of farmland ecosystems provide a scientific and reasonable suggestions for improvement.Energy analysis showed that: the past five years, black soil of Heilongjiang Province in the input to the ecosystem, natural resources, renewable energy value less than 10%; to buy industrial support to the value of the value of the total energy input to more than 90%, which fertilizer and farm value share of mechanical power can be great in this area shows a high level of agricultural mechanization, on the other hand also shows considerable input of agricultural fertilizers; renewable organic energy input, less than 1% of the total energy value of the main reasons After the mechanical work on the one hand, Xuli of the need to reduce, the amount be reduced livestock, organic fertilizer to reduce the other hand, very little straw, and the purchase of farmland ecological system can be made dependent on the value of the land itself environmental pressure, environmental loading rate of five-year growth. Ecosystems Energy Sustainability Index (ESI) in between 1 and 10 indicates that the economic system is dynamic and growth potential, Heilongjiang Province, ESI black soil ecosystem highest value reached in 2005 in 9.239808, 2009 hovered around 2, indicating the system is moving in the direction of sustainable development efforts.For the better value and rational use of every inch of land, farmland ecosystem to achieve maximum ecological benefits, take the road of sustainable development, mainly the following five directions from the black soil ecosystem management: First, expand the system based on energy; Second, improve agricultural productivity, strengthen renewable resource utilization; Third is to adjust the purchase from outside the system energy inputs, reduce environmental loading rate; Forth is to improve the eco-agricultural science and technology support systems; Fifth insist on the household contract system, the steady advance land scale operation.