A Study Of The Cotton Industry In Hunan Province In The 1930s

Hunan province is located in the Yangtze River basin, with the vast alluvial plain of Dongting Lake. The fertile soil and the suitable local climate is the natural condition for the cultivation of cotton. The cultivation of cotton gets preliminary development in Hunan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties after the introduction of cotton. With the enlargement of cotton planting region,Hunan eventually developed into an important cotton production area in China. This paper intends to judge the overall effect about improvement and promotion of cotton production in Hunan Province based on the situation in the 1930s.The improvement and promotion of cotton production in Hunan Province in the 1930s spread out under the Department of Construction and Cotton test site in Hunan Province, mainly involves study, promotion, boost and other specific work.The establishment of Cotton test site and the quality supervision of ban institutions, provide certain safeguard to the development of cotton production, and promote the improvement and the promotion of cotton seed in Hunan. With the rapid expansion of the scale of planting, large-scale farms appear and some main cotton production area form. The quantity and quality of cotton in Hunan is greatly improved. Cotton field area, degree of specialization, output and quality improve obviously, and Cotton production realizes commercialization partly. The working plan, principle, procedure above, contains scientific and reasonable composition. However,due to the multiple influence and restraint of some factors, such as insufficient funds, talent shortage, poor organization, peasant education about cotton cultivation and management is not popular, the illegal commerce mixes the false doping, local governments at all levels of supervision, various tax in chaos, frequent natural calamities, the confused fighting between the warlords, Bandits infestation and so on, which blocks the coordination and development smoothly of many key work, and the effect expected couldn't achieve. Also there are some gaps compare with the target of expanding the cotton region and improving varieties in the entire Hunan province. Although cotton planting in Hunan has made progress of the certain degree, compare with other provinces in China, there are still some problems, such as the development is slower, the output is lower, the variety is random and miscellaneous, the lack of regional advantages in production and so on.Study this problem carefully,not only can further deepen the study of agriculture and farmers in twenty and thirty years of the 20th century in Chinese countryside, but also has certain inspiration and reference to the development of the rural economic in China today.