| Economic development and harmonious ecological environment problems, has become a major world issues of common concern. Ecological environment is a prerequisite of economic development, it provide a lot of resources and energy for economic development, and economic development is the guarantee of the ecological environment to further improve. Mineral resources are the survival and development of human society and an important material basis for the protection of economic development. To achieve sustainable development and ecological environment, it is necessary to establish eco-compensation mechanism for the development of mineral resources.This addition to Chapter Introduction and ChapterⅦof the conclusions, there are five chapters content. The second chapter focuses on the development of mineral resources, the theoretical basis of ecological compensation:the externality theory, value theory of mineral resources, mineral resource depletion theory, property rights theory and sustainable development theory. ChapterⅢsummarizes the foreign, domestic mineral resource development of the advanced experience of ecological compensation, including the United States under the environmental benefits and the soil characteristics of the ecological compensation standards, new and old mines divided in Germany, a fair accounting of the direct management and combination of economic instruments in Australia. ChapterⅣconstruct of mineral resources development framework for ecological compensation mechanism. The fifth chapter is analyzed the Mineral Resources Development and Status of ecological compensation mechanism and the existing problems, especially for the development of mineral resources in the legal system, lack of ecological compensation, the irrational foe resource tax system design and distribution, the collection based on fuzzy, low amount of such charge, and so on. ChapterⅥof the problems raised for sound legal system, reform the tax system, improve the bond system, standard collection of standards and procedures and so on.Core part of this article is the fourth chapter. Extraction of mineral resources of ecological compensation mechanism mainly consists of two parts:first, the elements of compensation mechanisms (mainly compensation subject, the object of compensation, compensation standard, compensation measures, etc.); second, compensation mechanism (for mineral resources development in eco-compensation mechanism pricing mechanisms, implementation mechanisms, monitoring mechanisms of the operating rules and principles, as well as running in the relationship between communication and interaction).Extraction of mineral resources compensation mechanism for ecological construction, mainly in three aspects:First, determine the standard of ecological compensation funds (pricing); Second, the allocation of compensation funds in the relevant mining companies (implementation mechanisms); Third, the use of funds ecological compensation monitoring (monitoring system).Ecological compensation fund standards, mainly through the marginal opportunity cost, replacement cost method and compensation law, taking into account the cost of compensation based recovery measurement, according compensation between the estimates to the establishment of intergenerational equity, according to the ecological damage coefficient table set up three factors to determine the; and in accordance with provincial resources, topography, mining area, mining method, the age and extent of the damage the ecological environment such as the different environments to determine the margin of the charge recovery and management approaches. The extent of ecological damage to the environment based primarily on minerals, mineral resource extraction methods and mine geology, geomorphology, hydrology, vegetation, etc. to determine. |
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