The Study On The Optimization Of Transfer Between Urban Rail Transit And Bus Based On LOS

The connectivity between rail transit and bus has a great impact on the efficiency of the whole urban transportation system. Existing domestic and international researches mainly focus on transport network planning, transfer passenger volume forecasting and transfer passenger flow organizing. Few of them focus on service level which should take transfer passenger flow characteristics and transfer passenger traffic demand in waiting station into consideration. And some of them only have a abstract theory but lack of quantitative metrics. In this paper, a quantitative optimization model based on level of service is proposed. Based on the hub transfer characteristics, the model optimized the rail transit and bus transfer from both temporal and spatial perspective.The subject of this paper is transfer passenger flow coming from rail transit to buses. First of all, the technical and economic characteristics of rail transit and bus are discussed, the transfer passenger flow characteristics is analyzed from both macro and micro aspects, and the transfer method from rail transit to bus is optimized in temporal and spatial perspective. For the temporal perspective, paper focuses on the optimization of head time between buses. An average passenger waiting time model is constructed, and a level of service is proposed based on passenger waiting time. For the spatial perspective, the structure of transportation hub is optimized from three parts, facility layout, hub streamline and facility detail design. The most important part is the optimization of facility design, which including pass through facility, nodes facility and passengers gathering facility. According to the characteristics for each facility, delay models are built for pass through facility and nodes facility, queuing model is built for passenger gathering facility. These models are calibrated with actual survey data. A case study is followed to illustrate the quantitative optimization model for head time of buses and facility design under different levels of service, which also demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of each model for rail transit and bus transfer.