Studies On The Protection Of Cultivated Land Resource In Shandong Province Based On The Food Security

The protection of cultivated land and food security are inseparable, and to maintain an adequate number and quality of cultivated land is the key to maintaining food security. In recent years, international food prices soaring in many countries because of a shortage of agricultural products, led to social unrest, and food security and resources security issues have been raised to unprecedented heights. Shandong Province accounts for 7.09 percent of the resident population of the country, 6.17 percent of the country's total cultivated land, 8.18 percent of the country's total grain output in 2007,, and plays an important role in the national food security.Shandong's grain production capacity at present is safe and able to meet their food needs, at the same time Shandong's grains export outside of the province through the grain, livestock products, food, alcohol, and other forms each year, support the nation's food supply directly or indirectly. However, some of the insecurity must be implicited in fully.In 2023, Shandong Province will reach its peak of population growth, and also the peat of food demand and the pressure on cultivated land resources. At the peak, the forecast demand for food security of the whole procince will be 41.19 million t-43.15 million t each year according to the different program, and the production targets for food security is 45.31 million t -47.47 million t per year.To maintain food security objectives and the normal supply of agricultural products will need 7.14 million hectares -7.48 million hectares of the cultivated land. This study sets 46.39 million t production of grain security, 7.31 million hectares of cultivated land in 2023 as decision-making program. Under the existing cultivated land protection system, Shandong Province will ensure "the equality between the occupation and the added of the cultivated land" over the next 15 years, however, ecological farming, agricultural structural adjustment, disasters and other factors will reduce 116,000 hectares of cultivated land.In 2023, there is 7.391 million hectares of cultivated land in Shandong Province, which can ensure the food security needs in the population peak of Shandong Province.The current policies of protection of cultivated land have tangible results, but there are still shortcomings. Optimizing the protection of cultivated land, the basic ideas are: Firstly to improve the quality of cultivated land, the level of output and anti-disaster capacity should be the core of protection of cultivated land, and the transformation from extensive to intensive land use patterns should be achieved; Secondly agricultural land, especially the cultivated land should be encouraged to be used market-oriented as the diversified style so as to increase agricultural income and reduce the cost of food security. Thirdly adjusting the idea of food security, some of the food reserves should be transformed into the reserve of capacity of grain production. Fourthly promoting the urbanization of the population, t the intensive use of construction land should be realized. Fifthly through land reclamation, a virtuous circle of land use should be realized and the goal of sustainable use could be achieved. Sixthly adjusting agricultural development, development of feed cultivation should be highlighted, the agricultural dual structure of"food crops and cash crops"should be transformed into the ternary structure of"food crops, cash crops and feed crops". Seventhly cultivated land can play the role of the multi-function.The study suggests that Strategic focuses of the protection of cultivated land in Shandong Procince over the next 15 years are the followings: firstly rationalizing the interest in the protection of cultivated land and improving the mechanism of protection of arable land, a concerted efforts of the protection of cultivated land could be formed, and the stability of the arable land should be ensured; secondly the quality of cultivated land, production capacity and anti-disaster capacity should be hightened through the construction of demonstration area and the standard farmland, improvement of agrucultural infrastructure, and so on; thirdly strengthening land reclamation, a virtuous circle of land-use can be created; fourthly improving management of agricultural production, the trhansformation from agricultural dual structure of"food crops and cash crops"to the ternary structure of"food crops, cash crops and feed crops"must be realized, the operational efficiency of agriculture can be improved. The main objectives of the strategy are, that 7.4 million hectares of the province's cultivated land must be ensured in 2023, in which 5.5 million hectares of effective irrigation area and 4.5 million hectares of area ensuring harvest whether drought or flood are included.( At present, respectively, 4.82 and 3.57 million hectares.) and even in the conditons of being suffered serious natural disasters, the reduction of food production of Shandong Procince could be controlled an average of 30% or less. The key measures of strengthending cultivated land protection system, is to improve the mechanism of protection of arable land, inculding establishing regular and effective compensation system of interests of land and basic farmland, Innovatiing rural land property rights and improving the system of collective land use rights, Strengthening the common responsibility mechanism of the farmland protection and building a long-term mechanism of enforcement and supervision of land law and so on.