A Research On Housing System Reform And Security Problem

Housing is the basic material requirement for human existence and residential right is one of the basic human rights. Housing is also an important condition for social stability and the economic development. From the founding of the New China to the 1980s', China has adopted the welfare housing model, that is, allocating housing to individuals. This allocation model not only caused heavy financial burden to the government, but also created serious conflicts between supply and demand because it had totally deformed the housing demand-supply mechanism. In the late 1950s', the per capita housing area of China is 4.5 sq. meters, which dropped to 3.6 by 1978. Statistics from 1985 showed that 37%of urban residents had to share housing with others, per capita living area of 7.4%of all residents was less than 4 square meters,37%urban residents had to share kitchen with others, and 76%of residents didn't have independent bathrooms.; Facing with so many difficulties, Chinese government started the housing system reform with the general idea of Deng Xiaoping as the symbol.。In 1998, with the issue of A Notice on Further Deepening the Reform on Urban Housing System and Quicken up Housing Construction (No.23 of 1998), the State Council decided to stop the allocation system and the housing system reform started nation-wide. In the decade since the housing system reform, the housing market had been developing dramatically and great achievement had been scored. A multiple housing guarantee system had been initiated with the establishment of low-rent housing system and housing public funds system.。However, with the development of market economy and the change in social environment, a lot of conflicts appeared, including housing guarantee difficulty for low and middle income groups, soaring of housing price, the inequality in housing and income. All these require further reform in housing system to. strengthen the government's role in the housing system and explore basic guarantee ways for the housing market to promote the stable and healthy development of the housing market. Based on these, this article analyses the achievement and problems of our housing system reform, introduces the status quo of the real estate industry, and analyses the responsibilities the government should take to explore basic guarantee ways for the housing market. The author thinks that more laws should be enforced to normalize the roles of the governments in housing security.