Study On Economic Evaluation Of Forest Environmental Effect

The forest is on the land the biggest ecosystem, has the water source self-control, conservation of water and soil, the absorption carbon dioxide, provides the amusement and rest, the protection wild biology and so on the many kinds of environment benefit, and these environment values far are bigger than the lumber the economic value, but tradition forest production management very little considered the active result the influence which creates to the forest environment. Since long ago, because develops the national economy national economy need, the forest cuts increases year by year, in addition violates the forest growth natural law and the forestry economic law, causes to pay Attention to cut and neglect the cultivation, excessive cut, has created to the forest resources ruinous destruction, has brought such as question and so on air pollution, conservation of water and soil, water source self-control, ecological environment worsening, has caused the enormous harm to the forest environment, caused the forest function to be out of balance, the ecological environment worsened, the ability of defending the natural disaster drop, the forest multi-purpose display has come under the enormous influence, could create the enormous waste and the loss in the economical virtually. At present, it is quite rare to find the articles about the forest environmental effect economic evaluation research and the study is not systematical, some questions needs to carry on the discussion. So, this article was introducing the forest environment, the forest ecology service function and the forest environment value constitution briefly, then, carried on the discussion to the rationale of economic evaluation of forest environmental effect and the economic evaluation method of forest environmental effect mostly . Author hope that it can play by the time to the economic evaluation of forest environmental effect study to the role which offers a few ordinary introductory remarks so that others may offer their valuable ideas.First, this article introduces the studying situation about the economic evaluation of environmental effect in domestic and foreign at present briefly. Resting on predecessor's study results and the forest environment itself inherent discipline characteristic, author thought it must unify the forestry, the forest ecology, the forest environment, the economic, the econology, mathematics and so on to study the economic evaluation of forest environmental effect. Starting from the three benefits of forest that include the forest economy, the ecology, the social which knew very well from the people embarks, the article introduced the forest ecology service function as well as the forest environment value constitution briefy. And proposed the economic evaluation rationale of forest environmental effect in this foundation: Welfare economics. Welfare economics is a modern west economic important branch, its studying object is the social economy welfare, and it take the certain ethics value judgment as a premise. Welfare economics was considered is one kind of standard economic, the founder is PIGU which is one of the main representatives of England "the new Cambridge school of thought". Carrying on the measurement to the economic value of forest environmental effect ,the theory basis to lie in them to the human welfare influence. In fact, the harm causing by forest environmental effect is refers to the reduction of individual welfare and the benefit causing by forest environmental effect is refers to the increase of individual welfare.The article has discussed the methods of economic evaluation of forest environmental effect with emphasis, and combined example to conduct the study. The studying content mainly includes:(1) essential methods of economic evaluation of environmental effect. According to the market information of economic evaluation of environmental effect, may divide the assessment methods into three kinds: Namely, the direct market law, the substitutes market law and the imaginary market law. (2) essential methods of forest resources property appraisal.The methods of forest resources property appraisal mainly include: (1)present market price standard: revoke settling of accounts by current price on market, present market price law; (2) income current value...