Practice And Thinking About Jilin Farm Management System Reform

The farms were set up for finishing the special task given by the state under the special historic conditions. Since the half an century, the farms played very important role in increasing effective supply of the main agricultural products, stabilizing market, bringing rural development and safeguarding border area stability by advanced productivity. They have become an important s of the national economy. In the new historic period, the reform of farm system had entered the stage of whole deepening, integrate pushing and comprehensive sets. Jilin farms are smaller in the scale compared to the farms in the other provinces, belonging to direction type management system. The farms are controlled by the local governments. Even though in the recent years, Jilin farms have been conducting a series of reforms in the aspects of management system and operation mechanization, but as the products of history, their characteristics of enterprising, socialization and administrative pushing have not been changed. At present time of reforms and opening up, the farms are facing opportunity and challenge. There are many problems not to been yet solved. They have not yet set up the management system suited to the demand of socialist market economy.From the practice of reform, the reform models such as"farm becoming township, worker becoming farmer"and"emerging farms to become management area"can make the farms get rid of difficulty in the short time, but they have the shortage of reforming not thoroughly and enterprise developing not clearly hindering enterprises'long term development.As for the problems Jilin farms management system reform faced, combined with the farms'speciality, the basic frame of Jilin farm management system reform has been put forward under the condition the two typical reform model existing shortage: Firstly, the provincial management department system is not changed, according to the demand of service type government, the provincial management department will fully exert its functions of direction, co-ordination and service. Secondly, city and county management system become stock-shared company, which combines advanced main industries together and realizes industry management. Thirdly, as economic foundation of farms area and material base for the dragon-head industry enterprise, family farm carries out contract management.The future development of Jilin farm management system reform aims at group, joint–stock and industry. Jilin farms can be divided into three big polar industries of corn, rice and ginseng. Through cultivating better farms as dragon-head enterprises, the resources in the area can be integrated to promote industry development, build modern industry system, exert farms'scale-management advantage, further promote agriculture extension to non-agriculture and increase agricultural products'additional value. The"Three Hua"model is carried out in the provincial level of all large reclamation regions in China and entered integrated pushing period. Because Jilin farms are small in the scale, many people think that there is no feasibility to realize"groups"in the provincial level and no conditions to realize"Three Hua". The study thinks that the"Three Hua"can be realized in the small scale reclamation areas. Jilin should practice in the matter and explore the road of management reform in the small scale reclamation area for speeding up much better development of farms'cause.The paper mainly includes the three parts:The first part analyses farms'speciality through summing up Jilin farm reform process of management system: enterprise and sociality exists together. The farms exercise many management functions, which restricts farm economy's development and makes management system reform face many contradictions and problem not to be easily solved. It also causes separation of administration and enterprise, society and enterprise more complicated, farm management mechanism more difficult to bring forth new ideas. The system seriously influenced the development of enterprise.1. There no macro, long–term purpose theory to direct the Jilin farm management system reform. At present time, many people advocates making farms become countryside, farm workers become farmers. In the other hand, some people think that the state still needs farm teams and the farm enterprise must be developed into the direction of setting up large industry group or economic group.2. Because the farm is separated from each other and its economic entity is weak, it is difficult to exert the function of management main body. The farm worker and family as a management layer under farm double-layer management system, their main body position are not protruding, responsibility and interest not clear and management vitality not enough.3. About the contradiction of separation of administration and enterprise. For many years, farm runs society as well as enterprise. The heavy social burden seriously obstacles farm development.4. The farm ownership structure is not reasonable. Property right structure is single and the proportion of the state-owned economy is large.5. The contradiction between farm's resources advantage and its individual utilization of family farm is not good for playing the role of farm resources advantages.For solving the problems the state farm faces and according to farm's practical situation, the second part analyses the existed two kinds of practical models:The first is the combination model of Zhenlai Dongfanghong Farm and township, or farm becoming township, farm worker becoming farmer. Even though the reform bring farm workers material benefit and enterprises running society problem is solved, but the reform is not the representative of advanced production relations. The farm workers'benefit is not well protected. The reform destroyed already-formed productivity and lost the competitive advantage of agricultural industrialization. Meanwhile, there exist some problems not easy to be solved such as land advantage's loss and land ownership right and so on. This kind of reform did not reach the real purpose of reform.The second is the Liaohe agricultural reclamation management area model composed of farms. Its advantage lies in clarifying the management organ of the farm enterprise. It will benefit enterprise development and solving enterprise running society and treating burden of farm debt. But there are still some problems about system and function. It dose not like government as well as not enterprise. The two practical reform models related above is not thorough. The state farm enterprise is not strengthened. The enterprise economic organization fixed position is clear in the society. The social function of the farm is not completely separated. The contradiction about separation of government and enterprise is not solved at all. It only pay attention to solving the so-far problems, not thinking of long-term development of farm cause. In order to reaching the aims of promoting production and development of enterprise and increasing income and making more contribution to society, it is necessary to explore a new way out for Jilin farm management system reform.The third puts forward the new thinking of Jilin farm management system reform through studying the two parts related above, or the farm try to realize"group, Joint-stock and industrialization". Group is a necessary selection of building Jilin farm management system. Joint-stock is a prerequisite for formation of Jilin farm group management system. Industrialization is a carrier for realization of Jilin farm group management system. In the city or county leading industries are concentrated in, the joint-stock group should be established, realizing industrialization management on the basis of using grain, ginseng and pilose antler as leading industries. The industrialization development can be further promoted through building and strengthening dragon-head enterprises.