The Research On The Problem Of Industrial Policy And The Development Of SMEs

SMEs is playing an important role in China's economic and social development of the strategic position,is the cornerstone of steady economic growth in technical innovation, employment, development, etc. Using the unique advantage of SMEs to promote the optimization of the industrial structure is a vital link in the economic prosperity process. In recent years, although our country has a growing emphasis on the development of SMEs, compared with other developed countries, SMEs development are still have many factors, such as economic soft environment backwardness, the low level of the market, social security system is not perfect, caused industrial structure adjustment slowly. Meanwhile, compared with large enterprises, SMEs is also the socio-economic activities of a vulnerable group, in terms of financial, technical, management, market competition environment, there are many constraints caused SMEs such a contrast that "important role" and "weakness status". Therefore, the development of SMEs, it is necessary to formulate a policy for the industry first, paving the way for the development of SMEs.At present, the SMEs theoretical study is mainly starting from two directions: First, macroeconomic regulation and control policies; Second, SMEs optimize by its own. In the field of how to match the subdivision industrial policy to SMEs'optimal pattern, is also rarely mentioned. Then in our country, advocated for the development of SMEs, but to the actual application process, is still have no clear basis for the SMEs policy. I believe that in promoting the development of SMEs' process, SMEs optimizes itself with the state's macroeconomic control policy is not only a parallel process, but also needs to permeate and match each other.We are based on the theory of industrial policy, clear definite SMEs'classification criteria firstly, through the comparison with the developed countries, analyze the existing standards inadequate. Then describes the concept of industrial policy, objectives and characteristics of industrial policy theory, pave the way for SMEs. Finally, based on two theoretical points of view that the theoretical basis for the development of the SMEs industrial policy and the implementation of the SMEs industrial policy, summarized research on the existing theory that SMEs of the importance of industrial policy in economic development.Based on above theory, we can further analysis of the impact of industrial policy in the development of SMEs. Through the subdividing to the industrial policy as well as SMEs'develop characteristic, concrete summary for following four kinds of corresponding relations:(1) Industrial organization policy and SMEs competition environment. Policy objective is to reconcile the competition and cooperation relationship between large enterprises and SMEs. Through the coordinated competition and the economies of scale relations, alleviate the harm which monopoly creates to the market economy movement, maintains the certain economies of scale level, in order to achieve the effective competition state. (2) Industrial structure policy and SMEs clusters, establish SMEs industrial cluster's status in the process of industrial structure adjusting. (3) Industrial technology policy and SMEs technological innovation, pointed out SMEs is the most active community in the technical innovation, is the major source of technological innovation. (4) Industrial distribution policy and the SMEs development differences. Through the quantitative analysis, discuss the function that SMEs has in our country economy growth difference constitution. Concluding: the local imbalance in distribution and development of SMEs, especially in small enterprises, is the main organization factor in forming our country region economy growth difference.Constraining the development of SMEs has macroeconomic factors and micro factors. The macroscopic aspect from the state economy policy and the external economy environment, including: policy and regulations are incomplete, financing difficulties, supporting services are not perfect; Microscopic aspect from SMEs'own disadvantaged, including: lack of awareness of innovation, the internal management is bad, the competition strength is weak, and the building of enterprise culture to be depth. In addition, the financing difficult is a major factor inhibiting the development of SMEs. Financing difficult, not only causes SMEs'establishment take a barely survive step, but also contains the sustainable development ability. SMEs'financing difficulties caused by inside and outside two aspects: First, is because SMEs'own inferiority. SMEs innate fund ratio is low, self- accumulated capital is plaque deficiency, not only causes provide high financing costs, heavy debt burdens, but also it is difficult to create self-financing mechanisms, and resulted in a low ability to resist risk, lacking of specialized financing supply channels. Second, SMEs obtains from the government policy support and the bank loan quantity is less, financing support dynamics weak, the application loan condition is harsh. In addition, SMEs also lacks of large enterprises owned by the issuance of stocks, bonds and other means of direct financing.Above we analyzed the SMEs industrial policy theory, industrial policy subdivide correspondence to SMEs'optimized pattern as well as the restriction factors in SMEs developing process. Next, we need to address how to resolve the restricting factor according to the subdivided industrial policy. Guides the development of SMEs, and create conditions for the development of SMEs, is the ultimate goal of SMEs industrial policy. Learns the SMEs policy experience from developed countries, speeds up the development of SMEs in specific industrial policy as follow:(1) Industrial organization policy, perfects the law and policy support system for SMEs to create a fair and favorable environment for competition. Establish and improve financial services system, enterprises and the government, banks and other aspects of coordination, creates a favorable social environment for SMEs financing, which restricts the development of China's SMEs in the region. Coordination the competition and cooperation relations between SMEs and large enterprises, the government should be professional and production-oriented collaboration, encourage and support SMEs involved collaboration at the core of the social division of labor system to large companies. In addition, SMEs plays a small scale, and flexibility to adapt characteristics, makes up industrial domain and market scope which the big enterprise cannot arrive, develops specialization necessary processing for the big enterprise and the big project, causes it to become a hub for the development of large enterprises. (2) Industrial structure policy, conducts industrial clusters, promotes the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. Increase government support in SMEs industrial cluster; Enhance collaboration specialization; improve the social service system of clusters; raising the information network level of industrial clusters. (3) Industrial technological policy, establishes the technological innovation system and enhances their technical innovation capabilities. Changes concept and foster innovation consciousness; Establish a openly service system of the industrial technological innovation and technological services organization; In the process of industrial technological innovation, government should play a leading role. (4) Industrial distribution policy, promotes the coordinated development of SMEs. Suitable for the local economic development and formulates a preferential policy; Promoting the development of SMEs in the western region; increase the financial and tax preferential policies to support backward areas; promoting regional cooperation between the enterprises by the establishment of a regional network linked to the interaction between economic development mechanism.