| Since China embarked on the path of reform and openning-up ,the problem of territorial economic disparity had been emerged.During this time,there are a lot of academic achievements about it,which is concerned with the state, the reason, the foreground and the adjust measure of this issue.In this process,some experts had began to study the eveloment of territorial economic disparity with the theory of economic gravity center.And make a experiential analysis towards the validity of Chinese territorial economical policy fourth.From the angle of etymology, economic gravity center is a conception which take the physical gravity center conception into economic field,to use it to study economic issues. Specifically,the so-called economic gravity center is a point of a territorial economic space,and all economic power around it could keep a balance.Given perid,a country's territory is confirmed.So that the transformation of economic power will decided the transformation of ecomomic gravity center.Chinese economic gravity center was moved toward south and west,since China embarked on the path of reform and openning-up . From the angle of economic power distribution,the rapid economic develop in southeast costal area and the coming down of west and north-east areas was the true background of this phenomenon.In this perid,the enlargement of regional gap is not the enlargement in geographical means,but the disparity enlarged between south area and north area.The rapid decline of north-east area's economic state not only promote the economic gravity center moved toward south but toward west too. For north-east area not only belong to east but also belong to north . In the opinion of tertiary industries .The most important power which pull the economic gravity center move is the adjust of secondary industry, and the secondary power is the affect of the tertiary industry.Chinese transform track of primary industry economic gravity center is abnormal,and the moving range is limited.However, to a certain extent, it will counteract the effect of the economic gravity center transform of primary and secondary industry.But ,for the most areas where economic developing is the most quickest are all concentrated in east area. The west-move of economic gravity center caused by the economic depression of north-east is counteract by the rapid develop of east.There are so many factors impact the transformation of China's economic gravity center.Such as political factors, financial chang, adjust of the investment in different regions by foreign businessman, fixed asset etc..It is obviously,that political fators and the transformation of fixed asset investment had a very import effect on accelerate the development of southeast costal area and make economic gravity center move toward south.On the contrast, it did not get the expected effect to Accelerate the ecomonic development of west area, reduce area disparity either.From the transform track of the gravity center of financial incoming and distribute we could see that central authority had settled the financial imbalance between different areas in certain extent, by the means of financial Shift payment.But this measure it self could not settle the disparity problem which come from area economical develop.Recent years,there is an important phenomenon that The effect of Financial Shift payment system decline on regulate the regional financial power imbalance.It is harmfull to the equal of public service.In china, population gravity center and employmen gravity center is far deviate from economic gravity center.The transform track is very different also.That problem is one of the factors which enlarge the regional gap.Through the transform track of china population employment economic gravity center ,we could say it is obviously that economic gravity center is more cling to east .The moving track is toward south,but not to west, since China embarked on the path of reform and openning-up.Especially,it is begin to move toward north-east.during these years. But employment population gravity center is cling to south and west,and move to south-west continually.The serious deviate phenomenon proclaim that the rapid economic development of southeast costal area did not offer enough employment and did not assimilate the immigrantion from the other areas. Middle and west areas did not share the prosperity of east area through flow of population and employment efficiently.It is the effect of population and economic gravity center south-move, which make them deviate from economic gravity center more and more,make the phenomenon of disparity expansion , disparity expansion of GDP between east and west since reform and openning-up.But not the effect of ecomomic gravity center south-move,the direction economic gravity center move towards to is south.There are distinct deferents between The transform track of Population and employment gravity center,although there are some commonness. Primary commonness is the transform trends of them is close. They all present a character of move toward south-west. The deferents between them is:first,the employment gravity center is cling to south area.Second , the amplitude of population moving is samller than the amplitude of emplyment moving.It is can be seen from the condition of employment gravity center is Obviously deviate to south area,that most north population according to the statistic of household registry or statistic of year-end population,who employ in south area did not get enough incoming.These labour force had take part in the creating and distribution of GDP in south area.and implement the north population share the economic prosperity and employment opportunities with population in south area through some ways. From this opinion, to count GDP only take advantage of the population dat which come from household registry or year-end population there will be a liability to overstate the area disparity,because this measure did not concern with the flow of labor force.On the other hand, It is also can be seen from the condition of employment gravity center is Obviously deviate to south area,that the population flow is a day-to-day flow of labor force which is coused by the economic developing.the other one of his family did not flow simultaneously. Regional disparity had draw much concern of society.Chinese government had been make out a series of policy in order to promote regional economic develop harmoniously. Government and society expect to reduce regional disparity by accelerate the development of middle - west area and expansion of eastern economic.Just in this opinion government make out the strategy such as China's Western Development Program etc. Although these strategies accelerate the development of western economic, it did not minimized regional disparity,from the transform track of economic gravity center recent years we can see.China's economic gravity center move toward north east but not to west during 1999 -2005.According to the develop stage of china's economic the process of economic centralize was under gone remain, so far as to reinforce continuouslyIt is hard to realize regional economic harmonious development,only reckon on the policy of the western development and through which to accelerate the western economic development.In order to Promote harmonious development of regional economic,first we should accelerate the development of behindhand area,and on the other hand,should build up the mechanism of behindhand area share economic prosperity and archivements with the advanced regions.Eg. consummate Financial Shift payment system , promote the flow of population and employmen between regions.Reform the household registry system,Enforce fundamental education and vocational education,Promote western population and labor force flow to the east economic regions,make them employ in these area,share the employment opportunities and other social welfare in southeast costal area.All That is the key policy to promote harmonious development of regional economic. |
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