The Research Of Optimization For Regional Urban And Rural Land Use Structure

The land use structure of urban and rural is refers to the urban land use and rural settlements land use proportion structure in the cities administrative area, including the quantity structure and the spatial structure, with the development of urbanized, the increase of cities construction and the reduction of rural settlements land use is the inevitable tendency, from the quota (quantity structure), the localization (spatial structure) the angle studies the development of the cities land and rural settlements, synthesizes in the cities development research foundation considered the city and countryside uses the spatial structure adjustment and uses the quantity optimized disposition to be allowed to save, the intensive use land resource, enhances the cities and the countryside sustainable development ability, Also will be the future socialism new rural reconstruction inevitably request.The present paper first from the Jiangjin city land utilization and the nature, the social economy survey introduces begins, comes the land utilization present situation and the change investigation data according to Jiangjin city all previous years, uses the Jiangjin whole city 26 villages and towns land utilization detail, under the geographic information system software Arcgis environment, withdraws obtains the whole city cities and the countryside residential area with information and so on place quantity, distribution, in this foundation, uses the present situation to the Jiangjin whole city and countryside to make the full comparison, the generalized analysis, discovers its use existence the question, in view of these questions, proposed in the plan time the city and countryside uses the mentality, the principle which the structure optimizes and with the measure which adopts.Regarding the city and countryside with the place quantity structure, the article mainly uses the overall structure, the cities from the city and countryside to use the quantity structure, the countryside residential area quantity structure three aspects to analyze: First uses the total quantity, the average per person construction from the city and countryside construction to use the quantity analysis to obtain west, through Chongqing, changes the economical corridor, the Jiangjin city three regions city and countryside uses the structure comparison, obtains the Jiangjin city countryside residential area to use the proportion in a big way, also discovered through all previous years data, urbanized development at the same time, the cities construction uses large-scale increase at the same time, the rural population reduction to bring the countryside housing by no means with the place reduction, thus creates the rural reconstruction with the place waste, leaves unused the situation to be serious. After that, the article the cities divides into the city territory in the key city, key cities, the general cities three kinds, and separately uses the total quantity to it, average per person to use the quantity, to use the proportion comparative analysis, and using the city geography in the cities rank scale distribution, the city first place distribution theory, the discussion obtains the Jiangjin city cities rank scale distribution quite loosely, population 10,000 person of below small cities number more, the city first place distribution is obvious, the cities system growth is at the polarized stage. Thus obtains the cities interior to use the structure not to be unreasonable, has indicated the direction for the future land optimization disposition. Finally, through to countryside statistical information and so on residential area integer, scale, density withdraws the analysis to obtain the Jiangjin city countryside residential area quantity scale characteristic: The countryside residential area uses the scale in a big way, the land leaves unused the situation seriously, the single residential area take scale small, the distribution is scattered. The scale excessively small countryside residential area causes the path, to dump pollutants and so on the infrastructure necessary construction difficulty, seriously has affected the future socialism new rural reconstruction.Regarding the city and countryside with the place spatial structure, the article mainly uses the spatial structure and the countryside from the cities uses the spatial structure two aspects to analyze. First, uses in the city geography the cities spatial structure model, carries out the different function and the different scale cities the space, the synthesis considered between the cities and the cities, the cities and the communications network, the cities and the region union, future will develop the choice reasonable development axis and the development center for the cities. In this, we with the aid of survey between the town to geographic information system software the straight distance east, according to the cities spatial distribution minute shape theory, obtains the Jiangjin city cities high degree of concentration in the Yangtze River valley along the route with the Tianjin luck, changes road two geography on-line, therefore these two geography line also is the central axis which the Jiangjin city future will develop. Then uses under the geographic information system software Mapinfo the polygon plan tool, cancels draws the countryside residential area the contour line, and for each residential area serial number, after compiles 26 villages and towns data takeoff obtains the whole city countryside residential area distribution statistical data information. Uses in the landscape ecology the mottling distribution target like mottling density, the mottling area standard difference, from the index, the area index and the residential area dispersion degree and so on analyzes three big local residential areas distribution the region difference, obtains the countryside residential area the distributed characteristic: The countryside residential area presents "the big disperser, slightly lives together" the distributed characteristic, the dispersible characteristic is extremely obvious, lives together only in the small scale, the small scope appears. The residential area distribution has the obvious region difference, displays in: (1) countryside residential area proportion by middle hilly area, north along the river area bigger, south center low mountainous area smallest, (2) the countryside residential area scale in turn reduces (3) by the north along the river area - middle hilly area - south center low mountainous area south center north the low mountainous area residential area distribution ratio middle, the hilly area is along the river more dispersible.Paper fifth part, then is according to the city and countryside with the place quantity structure, the spatial structure analysis result, and the present situation exists the question, proposed the future will optimize the city and countryside to use the structure mentality: Future the city and countryside will use to dispose on, will be supposed not to rest on the balanced development strategy, in the determination development extremely and in the development spool thread foundation, determined the future will develop key cities, will increase the cities construction to use first to guarantee the key city and the key cities construction demand, will realize the construction to use the target assignment and the cities spatial structure development mutual match; Based on acts as circumstances permit the principle, through moves the village and, shrinks the village to leap, different migrates, way and so on farming and forestry comprehensive development advances the countryside residential area land arrangements work, optimizes the rural reconstruction to use the spatial structure. In under this mentality guidance, future the Jiangjin city will be supposed to continue to expand the key city scale, the key support development center city and "the cross" along the route position condition better key cities, will establish one batch of population scales in 3 - 50,000 person of between the central town, the limit scale sequence terminal population are less, the economic basis weak small cities development, will form the - axis - surface organic synthesis, will be composed three levels of cities systems by key city - key cities - small cities. At the same time, we refer to the Jiangjin city land utilization overall plan material, unified the region natural condition, the cities village development plan and the ecology takes back from agriculture the project, summaries below has suited the different region the countryside residential area land arrangements pattern: Namely north along the river local countryside cities land arrangements pattern, central village construction pattern; Middle the hilly area to "shrinks the village to leap" the way primarily, countryside cities and central village land arrangements for vice- reorganization pattern; South center the low mountainous area countryside residential area land entire should by the different migration and the farming and forestry comprehensive development reorganization primarily.Paper final, proposed the future will optimize the city and countryside to use structure concrete implementation measure these measures to include: Builds the cities and the rural reconstruction uses the suspension hook experiment site project area, to attempt the city and countryside union department countryside residential area reorganization target and the cities uses the target to replace. Advances the countryside residential area the reorganization, the transformation construction socialism new countryside concrete work, the standard and consummation land market management and so on.