Study On Allocation Of Conversion Peasants In Tibetan Area

Since our country started to implement the conversion of farmland to forests in 1999, those who convert their farmland to forests is becoming a big and special group. They abandoned their farmland for the national ecotype construction, which means they also abandoned the lifestyle they followed for centuries. This not only benefit our country, but also residents and individuals along the downstream area of Changjiang and Huanghe River. No doubt, construction of ecosystem needs the loss of part benefit in order to get the overall benefits. Benefit loss of the upstream residents brings the improvement of national ecological environment. To those peasants, they need to get some compensation in return in other aspects, which mean they have to "benefit" from the conversion of farmland to forests, and then the policy of conversion of farmland to forests can last for a long time and the object of ecotype construction can be achieved finally. Or, no one will be willing to contribute to the ecotype construction in the future.Conversion of farmland to forests is an important embodiment of sustainable development of our national economy. It actually answered the question of economy development is a tool or an object in the development of the whole society. In the past 20 years, we focused on the development of the economy, ignoring the ecological cost. Development is based on the over-consumption of natural resources which caused the "tool" evolve into "object", leading to a series of serious social problems, for example, bigger gap between the rich and the poor, degeneration of culture, deterioration of ecological environment, etc. We should understand that ecological policy is different from the development of modern industry. We can't only take the economic income and cost into consideration, we need to have a comprehensive and overall consideration of social cost to achieve the sustainable development of the society。This article starts from the influence to the production and living of conversion peasants, using a down-up methodology, based on theory study and investigation, analyzing the life actuality of Zhuokeji conversion peasants, in the purpose of finding out proper allocation mode which best fits the current situation in Tibetan area. Based on the analysis of implementing actuality of conversion of farmland to forests, the author use peasants in Zhuokeji as case study, pointing out that industry transition and manpower resource development is the key of proper allocation of conversion peasants, quality improvement of countryside manpower is the base, industry transition is a effective way, and at the same time, pay special attention to the allocation of aged in conversion area and education of the minor. At the last, author also mentioned other important solutions, such as, set up the multi-source of allocation funds, combined with Tibetan local characteristic to develop tourism and forestry, using the industry development to drive the allocation of the conversion peasants and therefore, to accelerate the personal development of the peasants.