A Tentative Discussion On The Modern Transition Of Yueyang Chenglingji Port (1899-1949)

Yueyang Chenglingji Port played a dual role in modern history of Hunan Province, it was not only a commercial ports but also a shipping port, and had the interaction and mutual influence ,and promoted the north of Hunan Province and Hunan's economic's development. This article from the relationship between the custom and port, especially the impact of custom on the port, discusses some questions about modern changes of Chenglingji Port. The article is divided into four parts:Part 1 introduces the establishment of Li Jin cards, the causes and history of Yuezhou customs, and discusses Yuezhou 'characteristics of a commercial port, the establishment of Yuezhou customs, the influence of customs agencies and functions of Yuezhou import and export trade, shipping industry and commodity market struc(?). 2 discusses the foreign trade of Yuezhou Port: from the beginning to the early 1930s, the trend of Yuezhou Port's trade development, import and export goods's variety, proportion and characteristics.Part 3 analyses the causes and manifestations of Chenglingji Port's prosperity. Yuezhou Port promoted the Chenglingji Port's prosperity in an objective, and mainly for the shipping industry and the emergence and development of a transit port.Part 4 discusses the invasion of foreign countries, particularly a frenzied level after Chenglingji being a port. It discusses focusing on the shipping and war between the Japanese and the Chenglingji port, the relationship of aggression and anti-aggression. It discusses the short-term post-war recovery and the peaceful liberation.The article considers that Chenglingji Port which had the best location and location advantages provided favorable conditions. Yuezhou customs expanded trade, the huge import and export trade stimulated the development of the shipping industry and promoted the port development and prosperity at last. Due to the powers of imperialism countries and the destroy of war, the weakness economic foundation, a series of natural disasters and so on, after a brief prosperity in the early 20^th century, Chenglingji Port gradually came down.