On Protecting The Lost Rights And Interests Of Landless-farms

As the speeding of industrializations and urbanization, the population of the landless-farmers will further increase in recent years. Most of them become the disadvantaged group in the society, who not only lose land but also occupation, house, subsistence, and specially lose the low-cost way of living and developing. However, they do not share the interests of the land value increments.The cause of the lost rights and interest of the landless-farmers is extremely complicated. The major one is the faulty rural land system and land requisition mechanism, also the behavior of the local government for interests. Now, because the principal part of rural collective land ownership is not clarity, farmers are so passive in the process if land requisition that rights and interests could not be guaranteed. Land requisition compensation standard unable to reflect the land market price. Facing the profits of the land of which the usage is transformed, the local government will always extend requisitioned land and public interests. The ill allocation of compensation fund and the lack of specific regulations on settlement of landless-farmers is the result of the faulty land requisition system.The institution of land requisition which western developed countries established has much experience in the compensation, the methods of compensation and the procedure, which fully protect the legal rights and interest of landless-farmers.The land institution reform is the solution of the lost rights and interests of the landless-farmers. The reform involves the reasonable land requisition compensation and the mechanism of interest share. We must calculate a scientific and improve the methods of compensation. In consideration of the function of both production material and means of social security, moreover refers the increase of land price after the land usage transformation. On the other hand, we complete the procedure of the land requisition together with the supervisor mechanism, which ensure the farmers have equal rights to negotiate. Also we take the farmers as the interest persons whose will should be put on the policy agenda. The function of interest group of the farmers need emphasize for get the chances of equal negotiation and discussion with the government. The key of land institution reform lies in the identifying the land ownership, which embody full respect for the collective ownership of rural .Meanwhile the main body of property right of rural collective land and the rights of farmers upon the land such as possession ,usage, profit, disposal and transfer must be prescribed in legal terms.The thesis deals with the social security system at last. Basic social security items as medical insurance and retirement insurance must be established as soon as possible so as to ensure that the landless-farmers join in the urban life. The most important aspect is that the government should supply the chances of studying and training, and encourage them to do their own businesses so as to improve the ability of accomplishing sustainable insurance through their own efforts.