Research On How The Former Soviet Union Carried Out The Ultra-speed Development In Siberian From 1960s To 1980s

Each term, there was a leading group of the former Soviet Union (FSU) which paid much attention on economic development in Siberian. Especially, in 1960s, the decision makers of the former Soviet Union (FSU) put forward the eastern development strategy with ultra-speed. From then, the economic development in Siberian came into a new historical stage. This essay focuses on the ultra-speed development history from 1960s to 1980s in the former Soviet Union (FSU) and has set a worthwhile example of large scale development in the Western part of China.The acceleration of economic development in Siberian happened in the international background of the Cold War with strong military aims: Firstly, in military aims, the former Soviet Union (FSU) hoped to change this area into the rear area of western-strategy and the outpost of the eastern-strategy. The internal reason was mainly to exploit the rich natural resources in this area through adjustments in productivity distribution to strengthen its economic power and realize the final dream of world domination .Through 20-years economic development and construction, Siberian became an elegant regional economic structure, and organized regional syntheses which correlated effectively and efficiently all sorts of resource paints (human, capital, time, material and equipment, etc). After that, it came to be the most important base exporter of fuel, engineer, and lots of industrial products and played a decisive role in defining the national economy of the former Soviet Union (FSU).However, we could see that there were some errors: Because of the lop-sided consideration, the former Soviet Union (FSU) put arm race as a motivation of development which led to the decision of police centering on politics not economics .This policy made some development project approval in a wrong way, led to the backward development of Siberian in respect to its lack of proportion among agriculture, light manufacturing, and heavy manufacturing. The writer aims at positive factors in development, emphasize positive effects in developing, discuses the grant change and the progress of the society in the acceleration development of Siberian, and the insufficiency in this process. This also has a lesson of large scale development of Western of China.Khrushchev attached importance to the effect of Siberian in economic strategy's general objective of the former Soviet Union (FSU) and put it as important measures to realize the economic strategy's general objective of the former Soviet Union (FSU). On Feb.14, 1956, he made the report of the summary report of the Soviet Union communist party Central Committee's report to the 20th communist congress. In 1959, he made the report of concerning the 1956-1965 Soviet Union's national economic control figure. In both the two reports he provided both detail and specific opinion about the configuration of production capability and the main direction of economic development.He pointed out: in the 10 years from now on, we must change Siberia into the biggest coal and electricity basement in the Soviet Union, especially, in industries of making aluminum, magnesium, titanium and the basement of metallurgy, coke chemistry , petroleum chemistry. He also pointed out: we must vigorously exploit the rich natural resources and use it to promote modes of production into further steps. In the report of the seven-year plan, Khrushchev provided: in the coming seven-year, the main aim is to accelerate the development of the economy of Siberia. About 40-percent of the capital construction investment was used for developing eastern areas (containing Ural, Siberia, Far East, Kazakhstan and Central Asia) from 1959 to 1965.Through accelerating development, it formed three distinctive economic zones, the first is the fuel-and-engineer, the second is metallurgy-and-metalworking, and the third is cutting-and-processing. Organized the regional syntheses, use the experience of a selected spot (unit) to promote the work in the entire area, develop from the east to the west. Through 20 year's super high speed development, Siberia not only increased the comprehensive national strength, advanced a reasonable framework of productivity layout, built the basement to which it earned foreign exchange through export, accelerated the urbanization process. All of these accounted for the rapid development of the northern minority races' economy. Siberia's economy has a great change recently; people's material and cultural life have improved the citizens' appearance.Judged from strategy, the accelerate development of Siberia reached its prospective strategy aims: the highly economic gain carried by the high input improved Soviet Union's comprehensive national strength, and paved the way to treat America on equal position at international stage. Seeing from the angle of economic development, through 20-years planned staged development, Siberia built elegant regional economic structure, with the resources superiority, it jumped into the most important basement of fuel, engineering, production and export. And, it gained irreplaceable placement.But, it had obvious faults: it mainly emphasized the exploiting of military and political aims; paid more attention on industry, especially, the industry concerned with military; scared the development of gain equalization techniques about agriculture and light manufacturing. It made the Economic growth mode's problem -the extensive form and ineffectiveness-were more and more serious, so were the structure of unreasonable industrial structure and industry segment.Furthermore, because of the Plant ageing and the lack of professionals, primary products still led the predominance. The contradiction between the professional production and local need is irreconcilable and did not act the function as intended to improve the district economic development level. Besides, they neglected infrastructure construction, exploited unreasonable, destroyed Ecological balance, led to serious environment pollution.Seeing from the basic train of thought, they did not put Siberia into national economic development, and lack of synthesis, compatibility, durability, Individual Equity. It did not reduce the disparity between the east and the west. The economy of Siberia was not sustained and there was lack of rapid development, and the potential increase in prices Compared with western part, it had the trend of primary and heavy duty in industry structure than the eastern part. And its militarization of national economy scale was much higher. These reasons brought lots of difficulties. Its lessons of the development process can be used as a source of reference to our development of the West Regions. We should pay more attention to unleash the function of the scientists and engineers, add science and technology input which means economic development and respect for the technology. At the same time, we should care for the industrial structure, self-development, producing orderly systems and avoid rashly putting up establishments , duplicated construction. Simultaneously, we should preserve the ecological environment and bring benefits to our posterity.