Institution Supply Of Government In The Process Of Marketization Of Public Utilities Of Our Country

Public utilities are the industries that universally provide the necessary goods and services for the urban production and the lives of the residents under the administration of the city government in the modern society, including urban water supply, gas supply, heat supply, public roads and transport, sanitation and landscaping, garbage and sewage treatment and so on. Public utilities, the critical infrastructure on which urban development and urban life depends, is important for People's livelihood.In the early days of the founding of the country, we managed the public utilities through planned economic system. Under those historical conditions, the style made certain achievements in urban constructions, but there were many problems too. After Reform and opening up, the socialist market economic structure has been established and perfected. At the same time, the defects of former management system exposed and former management system were increasingly unable to meet the new environment. Because the public utilities involves public interest and have special properties of public goods, the reform of them is very hard and slow. At present, the marketization of public utilities is being carried out in full swing in many cities across the country. Though the practice makes some achievement, there are also many problems. The fundamental problem is the inadequate institution supply of government.Therefore, this article will explore the reform of marketization of public utilities according to new institutionalism and propose the countermeasures to the institution supply of government in the process of marketization of public utilities of our country at the basis of analyzing the status quo of institution supply in the process of marketization of public utilities of our country and learning from the experience of institution supply in the process of the reform of market economy system of our country and reform mode of marketization of public utilities of Britain and the United States in order to be helpful to the marketization of public utilities of our country.This paper is divided into six parts:Preface. This part introduces the significance of the article, summarizes related research literature and interprets the innovation and research methods of the article.First chapter: New institutionalism and institution supply. This part introduces the new institutionalism, defines institution, institution supply and institution supply of government and their scope of application, proposes the conditions of institution equilibrium and lays theoretical foundation for the analysis of the paper.Second chapter: The analysis of the status quo of institution supply of government in the process of marketization of public utilities of our country. This part comes to the conclusion of insufficient institution supply and investigates its causes through analyzing the status quo of institution supply of government in the process of marketization of public utilities of our country: the particularity of public utilities, huge risk and systemic requirements of reform, lack of experience and so on.Third chapter: The enlightenment of institution supply of government in the process of marketization of public utilities of Britain and the United States. This part proves the feasibility of institution transplant and sums up the enlightenment of institution supply of government in the process of marketization of public utilities of Britain and the United States according to institutional isomorphism.Fourth chapter: Institution supply of government in the process of marketization of public utilities of our country. This part is the main body of this paper. After excavating the experience of institution supply of government in the process of the reform of market economy system of our country, this part proposes the countermeasures to the institution supply of government on the institution environment of our country: Reinforcing the shift of the government functions in order to set up new structure of utilities governing; founding rational market structure according to the characteristics of every industry of public utilities; building and perfecting the system and mechanism of public utilities.Concluding remarks. This part sums up the demonstration of this paper and reaffirms the importance and countermeasures of the institution supply of government.