A Research About Our Country Water Utilities Marketization Operation Pattern

The water is the human survival foundation, is one of the factors which ecology and environment control. In the 21st century, the water will be the same to humanity's importance with the petroleum in the 20th century to humanity's importance. Water utilities including water supply, drainage, sewage treatment and other sectors, and are closely related with the urban environment, living, industrial and agricultural production, are supporting the existence and development of urban infrastructure, are the key municipal utilities to building and reform,it not only affects and restricts an urban sustainable development, but aslo humanity's survival and the development immediately. New York's Bell - Stern, chief strategic investor Elizabeth ? McCain in his monograph "The future of water industry, "pointed out: "The water industry is the largest industry in the 21st century"and predicted that the water industry in the 21st century will be the area which inflow of funds fastly.The water utilities industry has the natural monopoly nature infrastructure, since long, in the world the majority countries take the water utilities as a public good, by government direct investment and direct management and operation. Along with the technology advancement, market demand's change, the water resources are short as well as under the traditional public monopoly's supplies way's low efficiency even malfunctions, since the 1980s, the water utilities marketization reform's tide has been blustery in the world. Britain has carried out the large-scale marketability reform, sold water supply and the sewage treatment facility, has carried on the decentralized reform to the stockholder's rights, thus reduced the government in the water industry investment, in 1998, Britain has completed the thorough water marketization reform.Since the reform and opening up, China's government explored the reform of the water market, and has achieved fruitful results. On the one hand,the government has released a series of policies and regulations, like "Sewage Permits And Water resources Spends Collection Act of administration", " State Council to encourage and guide the healthy development of private investment in a number of opinions " and so on; on the other hand, in the practice also has the very big result, for example,the property right reform deepened unceasingly, in 2002"Shanghai Pudong Veolia Water Company"was established, and this is the first full-service content to grant foreign services authorized to operate a total of contracts, simultaneously, the investment scale expanded unceasingly, the foreign capital and the private capital investment were very active.This article adopts the comparison analytic method, the system analytic method and so on, follow from theory to practice, from general to specific, from the analysis of the domestic routes to foreign countries, analyze our water business model of the actual market situation systematically.From our country water marketability operation pattern's management system, the financing way, the market competition, the enterprise operation system four aspects carry on the elaboration to our country water supplies marketability operation pattern's questions. At the same time, learn expriences from Britain, France, the US in water supplies marketability operation pattern, summarizes it to take to our country's enlightenment. In the above analysis's foundation, propose consummates from the management system, the financing way, the market competition and the enterprise operation system about our country water utilities marketization, provide information and reference for the reform in practice.