On Problems In Sustainable Use Of Agricultural Lands

Agricultural land is our key limited and renewable resources, but its renewable properties is determined by the sustainable use of lands. The sustainable use of lands is the important measure to keep food security and social stable. The problems in land use and management in China were analyzed based on the conflicting situation of increasing population and decreasing lands. The reasons that had led to the problems were discussed and measures to make the land use sustainable were also proposed, including land policy, land use system and technique measures. The main contents of this paper are as following.1 .The problems in land use and land management were analyzed deeply. The land kept decreasing in China, while the population kept increasing, so the conflicting situation was getting more and more apparent. Further more the fertility of the current arable lands was decreasing because of the improper management. 70-80 percent of the arable land in China was nutrient deficit. The soil erosion and pollution were also key factors in affecting soil quality. The reasons that had led to that result in above results were: First, the lack of scientific developing ideas had led to the detrimental results of damaging the long and whole benefits because of the seeking of short and partial benefits. Second, few effective encouraging economic policy was made and the agricultural profit was not ensured because of the price fluctuation in agricultural products. Third,to view from the technical point, many farmers run their land randomly, without proper instructions from experts, and the practical soil quality evaluation methods was not proposed. Also there was a lack of official procedures and inter-media in the land transfer process. The local government even played an improper role in the land transfer which had damaged the right of farmers and it was common to see farmer's right being damaged during the change of arable lands to construction lands.2.the sustainable land use models in china and abroad were studied. It was found that all the sustainable land use style had the same trait, which was to increase the production links, to increase the energy and matter use efficiency and to increase the manure application to land while increasing the profit.3.measures to realize the sustainable use of agriculture land were discussed. (1) Scientific evaluation system of sustainable use of agriculture land was constructed, which included economically sustainable indexes, ecologically sustainable indexes and socially sustainable indexes, in order to evaluate the quality variation on agriculture land, to instruct the sustainable land management and to provide evidences for land use encouraging policies.(2) rational sustainable land use system was proposed, includes soil use plan system, land property right attestation system, land evaluation system, land management system. (3) the policy selection of sustainable agriculture land use was discussed, including land utilization policy, land transfer policy, land protection policy.4 technical measures for sustainable agriculture land use were discussed, which included to extend the recycle economy, to create all kinds of rural organizations to increase the relations with technology extension or academic units, to extend the soil test and fertilization technology, to build basic facilities in fields and to increase land fertility and productivity, to modify the land utilization structure to create the best economic benefits, to make land constructions and improve the local ecological environment.