Research On Factors Affecting The Entrepreneurship Performance In SMEs

Now descriptive and policy study is the most part in native related research field.The normative and integrative empirical study that affects SMEs'entrepreneur performance isn't enough. However.SMEs have important implications on economic and social development, especially in the past two year's financial crisis, many countries, including China, are subject to its influence in export trade.domestic demand,employment pressure and so on.Facing such"risk with opportunity"circumstances,we need to help people play more fully to their entrepreneurial spirit,and guide them to build their own businesses. Jilin Province is still an inactive business region, though it is very important to revitalization of old industrial bases in northeast.So this article focuses on the performance of SMEs in Jilin Province,designs to find its effect factors,as well as their internal mechanism,while the performance of SMEs is as an important indicator to measure the success of new enterprises.After introducing the criteria for SMEs in United States,Germany, Japan and China,we defined the SMEs following the "Small and Medium-sized Entrepreneur Provision in China "(2003).Then,we defined venture as a series of activities that entrepreneurs integrate resources and seize opportunities to create new value. Besides entrepreneur spirit is viewed as key indicator to distinct entrepreneurial organizations and non- entrepreneurial organizations. In addition, business performance will be divided into two dimensions of profitable performance and growth performance, and we will take the combination of subjective and objective indicators to measure it.And we determine to study business performance from four aspects of the characteristics of entrepreneurs,business strategy,business resources and entrepreneurial environment.we evaluate entrepreneurial spirit by the three-dimensional degree proposed by Miller in 1983 that is market innovation,risk-taking, action leading.Entrepreneur characteristics focus on two aspects of capacity and motivation.Entrepreneurial resources are divided into internal elements resources and external network resources from the two angles of internal and external,tangible and intangible resources. Business strategy has been defined according to Porter's competitive strategy theory of goal gathering, cost leadership, differentiation. As related to resource limited,SMEs generally implement the clustering strategy,so we primarily concern the cost leadership and differences strategy.Business environment is divided into three dimensions of dynamic,complex and hostile.Then,we propose a model of factors affecting the SMEs'performance.It includes background elements and five relations based on which we make thirteen related hypothesis.To test these hypothesis,we make a survey. This section has mainly made a detailed description on the questionnaire design, statistical methods, and data collection.Questionnaire design includes the division of the questionnaires'contents,variable measurement,and the questionnaire to make,amend,pre-test,and determine.Then,statistical methods contain reliability test, validity test and structural equation modeling analysis used software SPSS16.0 and Amos7.0. Besides,we distribute and collect questionnaires,before which we screen and analysis the data accordance with certain standards.Next,we verify the thirteen assumptions;all the assumptions are passed except hypothesis 4b to discuss the relation between business strategy and performance.The valid assumptions are able to reveal relations between elements,through analyzing them,we can get some enlightenment.While the failed assumptions can reflect special problems existing in native entrepreneurial activities. We combine the actual situation of China's venture with particular practice of entrepreneurship in Jilin Province to reveal the reasons why they are not supported.Finally we reach the following conclusions:On the one hand,the entrepreneur performance is a multi- factors effected variable.On the other hand, all the effect factors have different influence degree to business performance.Besides,the impact factors also have connections between each other,and they are not isolated in the same planet.According to the results above,we Put forward some suggestions that help to improve the entrepreneurial performance of SMEs in Jilin Province , from the four points of characteristics of entrepreneurs, business resources, business strategy and business environment .