On Produced And Avoid Of Science And Technology Risk

Modern society is a science -and- technology-oriented society. Creating material wellbeing for our human beings and changing our ways of life, science and technology at the same time has negative effects on us and nature and even threaten to our survival. The negative effects include nuclear radiation, genetically modified food, and agricultural chemical pollution etc. As it were, science and technology has already become a risk source which should not be ignored by our society. Scholars have discussed the scientific and technological risks early to deal with the problem. I will define what the risk is and the scientific and technological risks and their characteristics are; classify types of scientific and technological risks; expatiate the uncertain causing factors of scientific and technological risks and the measures of avoiding it. Risk is one of the innate natures of science and technology, so we can not avoid scientific and technological risks totally; but I hope we can reduce the degree of the risk to a minimum and promote our social development in a harmonious, sustainable, steady way with the effort made by our government and all related aspects.In chapter one, I will describe the research background of the problem, the domestic and international research situation about the scientific and technological risks, and the significance of studying the scientific and technological risks and the field that can be innovated.In chapter two, I will discuss risk relevant theories and the characteristics and classification of the scientific and technological risks. I will study risk theories from the aspects of sociology and economics, and then I will divide the scientific and technological risks into prophase risks, metaphase risks and anaphase risks according to the definition of risk and discuss the characteristics of them.In chapter three, I will discuss the causes of scientific and technological risks and the ways of avoiding of them. I will try to find out the causes of scientific and technological risks from three aspects which are the indeterminacy of the science and technology development itself, the indeterminacy of the human social development, and the indeterminacy of human's morals orientation. Furthermore, in order to avoid and dredge the scientific and technological risk, I will provide some recommendations which include how to publicize the enhancement of risk consciousness, how to set up and consummate the management system of scientific and technological risks, how to promote the positive development of risk investment; how to prevent the abuse and misapplication of scientific and technical fruits; and how to strengthen scientific and technological innovation and improve the legal system, etc..