The Study Of Chinese Rural Land System

System of the game are the rules of society or, more strictly speaking, the design constraints of human behavior of people bound by the conditions of each other. Game of the performance and enforceability of the rules, and rules can be implemented not only with the rules of their own design, but also by the implementation of mechanisms, morphology, behavior, cognitive pattern, thus the result of the policy are uncertain. Land is a people's livelihood, carry out reform of its system of great importance, we must uphold the right direction, and thus to explore the path of efficient and beneficial. Since the founding of China's rural land system has undergone three reforms, the system of succession of agricultural land from the peasant land ownership, collective ownership of land to develop into the current contract for the operation of family-based, sub-combination of Unification of the two-tier operating system to the land ownership and management rights as the core, the Chinese rural land system reform, through a distinctive feature of the path of institutional change: land ownership, management rights are the property of the farmers - peasant land ownership, the right to operate under the collective - land ownership, the right to operate are the property of the collective - the collective ownership and management to the farmers. Since reform and opening up the establishment of a rural household land contract system, based on double-EC sub-combination of the operating system, greatly emancipated productivity in rural areas, mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers for our country to reverse the serious shortage of food supply to a critical situation contribution by the general support of the peasant masses. However, with the development of the situation with the requirements of the market economy gradually increase the distance, to some extent, has affected the development of productive forces, through the continuous deepening of reform to meet the market requirements of the city.This article by reviewing China's rural land system change process, an analysis of agricultural land ownership and management rights to the separation from the unity of the process, the evolution of agricultural land reform, the reform of the performance and problems. On this basis, the focus on analysis of existing rural land system problems and the reason put forward to reform and improve the agricultural land system to protect the rights and interests of peasant responses and suggestions. Study shows that: the existing system of agricultural land has the three main questions, the first is the issue of property rights, manifested in the uncertainty of land ownership, collective ownership of the dominant position of virtual land ownership, farmers and other legitimate rights and interests can not be guaranteed; two are the right to land contractual management flow problem, the performance of non-standard transfer process at the grass-roots level of administrative intervention seriously, lack of transfer of legal norms, the existence of the circulation in the act of damaging the interests of farmers, etc.; three questions are the expropriation of agricultural land, land acquisition at the performance of systems, over the abuse of land levy serious situation, the low land requisition compensation standards, land expropriation and requisition shall the lack of transparency in the use of the process, farmers lost their land, such as a lack of social security. In view of the above questions, three aspects should be addressed, first, to maintain and improve the rural household contract management system, implement the "Rural Land Contract Law", the progressive implementation of rural land property rights to the home; are two standardize and improve the flow of rural land management rights, establish and improve relevant laws and regulations, transfer of land to explore the market price formation mechanism, improve the legal quality of the farmers to protect peasant land operation rights transfer of the rights and interests; three is to improve the land requisition system, the development of special "Land Acquisition Act" and "lost Farmer Social Security Act ", will be incorporated into the legal system of land acquisition track, monitor law enforcement agencies to set up land, land acquisition process to increase transparency so that the farmers lost their land to share the land value-added income, peasants set up a sound system of re-employment training.