Research On Price Reformation And Pricing Strategy Of China's Railway Freight Transportation

As an important means of modern transportation, the railway is playing an important role in promoting the economic and social development of China. The price of rail freight transportation is directly related to the income of railway transport enterprises. It is also an important factor which affects the demand for freight transportation and decision-making of transport options. The current pricing for rail freight transport of China is nationally unified, the pricing mechanism is rigescent, and the price regulatory has seriously affected railway transport enterprises to participate in market competitions, and hindered the realization of its objective of market-oriented reform. So, against the background, research on price reform and pricing strategy of China's railway freight transport is of great importance at present. Railway freight transport pricing is a main part of transportation economics, which is also one of key and difficult problems of railway market-oriented reform.In the thesis, some defects of China's current pricing mechanism for rail freight transport are analyzed, some suggestions to establish a better mechanism which is market-oriented and in line with the socialist market economy are suggested in details, and on the basis of the historical experience of foreign countries, the necessity and feasibility of deregulation of China's rail freight transport pricing is discussed.Based on the theory of generalized circulation cost and correlative freight transport market, the structure of correlative rail freight transport market in which all railways can take part in the effective competitions is analyzed, and a awareness deviation that in any case, the structure of rail freight transport market to be monopolistic is corrected. The structures of three freight transport markets are separately analyzed, namely, a market uncorrelated with railway, a railway-highway market and a railway-waterway market, and it is considered that these three markets share market structure characteristics of monopoly, near pure competition and oligopoly separately. According to the upwards three typical markets, three price regulation models, price cap regulation, price deregulation and contract price regulation under government guidance, are suggested. In the hope of maximizing of social welfare and realizing Pareto optimality, different pricing strategies are discussed in the thesis, which are market-oriented for rail transport enterprises under different correlative freight transport market structures, namely, monopoly, pure competition and oligopoly.