Study On Automobile Industrial Cluster Of Changchun

Automobile industry chain is very long and wide, of great stimulative function to relevant industries. So it is very suitable for industrial cluster development. Internationally, Detroit Claster and Toyota Claster, have made great development through automobile industry cluster development. In recent years, automobile industry of Changchun has been in rapid development. It is Changchun`s pillar industry now. But, in the background of economic globalization, the automobile industry of Changchun has faced great pressure of competition from local opponents. So the research of automobile industry of Changchun means a lot. Based on the theory of industrial cluster development, this paper researches in these fields: how the changchun`s automobile industry cluster development formed; what is it`s features and problems; the strategy of it`s continual development. This paper has four main parts.Part one is about the theory, which introduces the concept of automobile industrial cluster, analyzes the situation of domestic and foreigh research about the automobile industrial cluster. Industrial cluster is a phenomenon that the inside enterprises and outside enterprises in close contact of a specific industry cluster in a specific location. It features not only in the geography clustering, but also in the close contact among enterprises. Some scholars analyzed industrial cluster from different angles. But all these theories have limitations. Complete and scientific explanation can not be made by only one theory. The research of foreign scholars are mainly about how to evaluate the effct of the industrial cluster which has formed and how to solve the problems existing in the development of cluster. Recently, they devoted more in the automobile industrial cluster. Their research focus on how to embed the local automobile production system into the multinational automobile production system and how the local suppliers improve their absorptive capacity. Chinese automobile industrial clusters are not typical. The enterprises are cluster in a location, but not in close contact. The research of chinese scholars are also not mature.Part two analyzes the development situation, the way of forming, the driving factors of changchun`s automobile industrial cluster.It has been 60 years since 1953, the first automobile manufacturer factory opened. Changchun`s automobile industry has made great development. There output value has 20 billion yuan. There are 461 component enterprises, 9 vehicle building enterprises, 18 tuner building enterprises, 1 autobike enterprises. More than 100 mobiles and almost 10,000 varieties of automobile parts are made here every year. There are Jilin university and other first-class scientific research institutions in Changchun. The member of professional researchers has been more than 10,000. The Research and education power is very strong. Changchun automobile industry has basically formed industrial clusters, and the car industry is the mainstay industry. This is important to Changchun`s economic development.Changchun automobile industry cluster is around the faw group. Changchun automobile enterprises was big , wild, like early Detroit auto cluster. Later, when Japanese cars succeeded, other automobile groups followed Toyota, including the faw group. The faw group reformed a lot, withdrew all plants, established modern enterprise system. Changchun automobile industry cluster formation mainly profited from the following factors: the rapid growth of domestic needs, good related industry base, science and technology, and the government support.Part three analyzes the comparative advantage of Changchun automobile industry cluster, and pointed out the problems in Changchun enterprise clusters.Changchun comparative advantages mainly include location and resources, industry and scientific research, personnel, government policy. Changchun is in the center of the northeast, the capital of jilin province, the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of Jilin province. Changchun is one of the northeast old industrial base, has good mechanical manufacturing base, which is good for the development of Changchun`s automobile industry. There are many institutes in Changchun, the scientific power is very strong. Changchun automobile industry is Changchun`s pillar industry, getting great support from the government.Changchun automobile instry still exist many problems: the ability to develop independently, the lack of core technology. Except the faw group, no other finished automobile enterprises have research ability. The situation of opponent enterprises are more bad. Local opponent enterprises are generally little, weak in technology. Many products technology content is low, no achieve system integration and module supply level. The enterprises in the cluster are in some contact, but not close.Part four point out, for the exiting problems, and the developing direction of international automobile industry, that Changchun should vigorously develop "low carbon economy", the focus should be the electric mobile field. At the same time, Changchun automobile industry's competitiveness shoule be improved. In order to achieve this, these measures should be took: establishing scientific and technological innovation platform, relying on technological innovation, getting finance and policy support from government, etc. through these, the competitiveness of Changchun`s automobile industry could be improved.