The Analysis On The Evolutionary Mechanism And Development Model Of The Metropolitan Of Tokyo And New York

After World-War-II, with the rapid developing of industrialization and urbanization, the distribution structure of Big-Cities changed quickly. There are many Big-Metropolitans centered by Big-Cities, such as Tokyo, New York, Osaka, London and Paris. The advents of these metropolitans promote the development of regional economic and accelerate the progress of World economic integration. With the developing of reform and opening up the market economy, China experienced a great change in the urbanization. The level of urbanization is speeding up, which leads to the formation of metropolitan prototype of Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area. Besides, a lot of regional and local metropolitans grow up eventually.Based on the relative contents of the development of metropolitans, this paper analyses the evolutionary mechanism and development model of the metropolitan of Tokyo and New York. Furthermore, based on the comparisons and summary of these two metropolitans, this paper proposed a construction strategy of metropolitan of Yangtze River Delta.This paper contains five parts:Part I: The relative theories of International Metropolitan. This part describes the contents of Metropolitan, including the meaning, characterization, formation conditions and theory of development. There are three characterizations of metropolitan: (1) core prominence, rings around deeply; (2) perfect function, distinguish independence; (3) advanced connection network, closely related. There are four conditions of the formation: (1) advanced regional aggregated economic; (2) dense population; (3) specialized industrial organization model; (4) mature connection network. In the development theory part, this paper mainly delineates four theories. These theories include the Garden City of Howard-the famous scholar from English, the City Economic Zone Model of xxx-the outstanding Economist from Germany, the Growth pole of Peru-from France, the Cities band of Gotman-Geographer from France.Part II: The Evolutionary Mechanism and Development Model of Tokyo Metropolitan. In the Evolutionary Mechanism part, it describes three aspects as followings: the process and characterization of urbanization of Tokyo, the Evolution of Motivation and progress of Tokyo metropolitan, the evolutionary and development mechanism. The main driving force of the developing and growing up of Tokyo metropolitan is the Export-oriented economy with geographical advantage. Its evolution experiences four stages. Furthermore, this part analyses the effects of governmental mechanism and market mechanism on the development of Tokyo metropolitan, respectively. After the analysis, we found that the governmental mechanism is the main mechanism for the evolution and development, while the market mechanism, especially the price mechanism of market, plays an important role too. However, in the development model part, it analyses three aspects as the followings: the spatial expansion model changes from the structure of One Pole Concentrated to the structure of Multi-Center-Multi-Core, the Industrial Organization Model as the Function of Core City, and the Transport Network Model for Railway guide.Part III: The Evolutionary mechanism and development model of New York Metropolitan. In the evolutionary mechanism part, it describes three aspects as followings: the process and characterization of urbanization of New York, the Evolution of Motivation and progress of New York metropolitan, the evolutionary and development mechanism of New York metropolitan. The main driving force of the developing and growing up of New York metropolitan is the Export-oriented economy with geographical advantage. Its evolution experiences four stages. Furthermore, this part analyses the effects of governmental mechanism and market mechanism on the development of New York metropolitan, respectively. After the analysis, we found that the market mechanism is the main mechanism for the evolution and development. However, in the development model part, it analyses three aspects as the followings: the spatial expansion model as axial extension from Point to Areal, the Industrial Organization Model as the Function of Core City, and the Transport Network Model for private Car-based and additional railway transport.Part IV: Compared analysis of the metropolitan development of Tokyo and New York. Based on the analysis of Part I, II, III, this part will convey a system comparison of the Metropolitan in four aspects as followings: the development and evolutionary mechanism, spatial expansion model, industrial organization model, traffic network model. By comparing and summarizing the similarities and differences, the common regulations and problems during the development of these two metropolitan will be found. These founding will be good theoretical references for Part V.Part V: Some guides for the development of Yangtze River Delta Metropolitan from the development of Tokyo and New York. This part gives brief introduction about the development status of Yangtze River Delta Metropolitan. Then, five problems during the development will be analyzed carefully. Based on the status of our country and the comparisons from Part IV, taking advantages of the experiences of development model of Tokyo and New York metropolitans, we propose a strategy for the development of Yangtze Rive Delta Metropolitan in four aspects: the evolutionary mechanism, the spatial expansion model, the industrial organization model and the traffic network model. In the evolutionary mechanism part, we proposed a model for market operation under the guiding of the government. In the spatial expansion model part, we proposed a model for axial dispersion, which is centered on Shanghai, taking Nanjing and Hangzhou as two basic city. For short,"One center, two basic point", the path trajectory featured as"人"figure. In the industrial organization model part, we proposed a model of multi-pole expansion like the figure structure of"品". In the traffic network model part, we proposed a model of Transportation Networks whose path trajectory looks like the figure structure of"Z". Based on the above analysis, we believe that these four models are suitable for the development of the Yangtze River Delta metropolitan.