The Research On The Employment Effect During The Adjustment Of Industry Structure In Beijing

Since the reform and opening up, Beijing has made considerable progress in economic development. Comprehensive strength and overall living standards have been greatly improved as well. However, at the same time, Beijing is facing the dual-task for both industry structure adjustment and full employment. Therefore, it has important practical significance to find out the way to collaborative development of industry structure and employment structure.Under the background of industry structure adjustment, this paper focuses on four parts. The first part is the status quo description of industry structure and employment structure, in order to find out change progress and main problems. The second part is the employment absorptive capability analysis of three industries and the employment effect of different sectors in tertiary industry, providing data support for industry structure optimization from the view of employment growth. The third part is the factors influencing employment effect during the adjustment of industry structure, which provides the basis for making policies. The fourth part is the policies and suggestions regarding employment growth, so as to realize the industry optimization and full employment.This paper describes the change progress of industry structure and employment structure and the relationship between them on the basis of the data from 1978 to 2008 announced by Beijing Statistical Bureau, which finds out that the evolution of industry structure and employment structure meets W. Petty and C. Clark Law. The employment structure falls behind the industry structure which optimizes gradually. First, there are surplus labors in primary industry. Second, secondary industry and tertiary industry need further optimization in order to promote employment. Besides, the industry internal structures should be appropriately adjusted.By constructing econometric models, this paper comes to below conclusions. The primary industry that excludes labor force has very limited absorptive capacity. The employment elasticity of secondary industry is negative after 1992, whose labor force flows to tertiary industry obviously. Tertiary industry becomes Beijing's main channel to absorb surplus labor and promote employment. Meanwhile, different sectors in tertiary industry have different absorptive abilities.This paper discusses the factors influencing employment effect from the aspects of labor supply and labor demand. On the aspect of labor supply, this paper selects labor quantity and labor quality. On the aspect of labor demand, this paper focuses on the substitution effects of capital and technology and the income effects.Finally, this paper put forwards the policies and suggestions, which could be categorized into two parts, the industry structure optimization and supplementary measures for employment promotion. From the view of industry structure optimization, Beijing should strive to develop urban modern agriculture, new industrialization and modern service industry. Furthermore, Beijing should improve the quality of workers, develop medium and small enterprises, and strengthen employment service system.