| This paper mainly analyses the ecological civilization construction level and the extent of sustainable development of Heilongjiang province in 2013, and puts forward the corresponding measures and proposals. In the aspect of ecological civilization, ecological civilization is an important goal of building a well-off society in China. Promoting the construction of ecological civilization needs the corresponding assessment system of quantitative research on ecological civilization, so as to guide the correct policy. In this paper, the author establishes ecological civilization evaluation system in Heilongjiang Province, determines the weight of each index, calculates the score of ecological civilization of Heilongjiang province in 2013, and analyses the situation ecological civilization and the progress trend of ecological civilization of Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2013. In the aspect of sustainable development, ecological footprint model is one of the representatives of quantitative evaluation for the sustainable development state. In this paper, by consulting Heilongjiang Province statistical yearbook, the author builds an ecological footprint model for Heilongjiang Province and analyses the ecological footprint, the ecological capacity and the ecological deficit of Heilongjiang province from 1978 to2013.The author also builds a RMB 10,000 GDP ecological footprint (deficit) model and analyses the ecological diversity and the regional development capacity of the Heilongjiang Province. The author analyses the extent of sustainable development of Heilongjiang Province from 1978 to 2013. The main conclusions of the study are as follows:The perspective of ecological civilization construction:(1) The ecological civilization in Heilongjiang province has been growing continuously. The score of ecological civilization index in Heilongjiang Province is 78 points. The author divides into four level two indexes. They are ecological energy, environmental quality, social development and the coordination degree; the scores are 25.4 points,16.13 points,14.85 points and 21.62 points.(2) Then the author analyses the overall development trend of progress rate of Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2013.The results show the ecological energy is high, the environmental quality level is low, and the social development and coordination degree keep steady state.(3) Heilongjiang province can do something to improve the level of ecological civilization. In the aspect of ecological energy, strengthen the protection of ecological resources. In the aspect of environmental quality, control the application amount of the chemical and fertilizer, promote the organic pesticides, organic fertilizer and ecological agriculture. In the aspect of social development, speed up the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure and develop ecological industry. In the aspect of the coordination degree, do a good job of energy saving and emission reduction work, promote cleaner production, to realize the sustainable utilization of resources and energy and the sustainable development of economic society.The sustainable development situation:(1)From 1978 to 2013, the average annual growth rate of ecological footprint is 4402 thousand hm2/years, six types of land ecological footprint continue to grow, and the fossil energy is the fastest growing, of the ecological footprint of Heilongjiang province in 2013, fossil energy up to 78746900 hm2.(2)The rank regarding the rate of contribution for ecological footprint is:fossil energy land> cultivated land> constructive land> water area> grassland> forest land. Per capita ecological footprint of the province increased from 1.4832hm2 to5.4933 hm2 in 2013, up 3.7 times.(3)The ecological capacity decreased from 79.9523 million hm2 in the year 1978 to 74.5779 million hm2 in the year 1994, then, up to 78.10 million hm2 in the year 2013.(4)After 1993, there has always been the state of ecological deficit and increased year by year but in ecological surplus before 1992.(5)The 10,000 yuan GDP ecological footprint of the province declined year by year, falling from 26.5564 hm2/ten thousand yuan GDP to 1.4647 hm2/ten thousand yuan GDP. There has always been the state of ten thousand yuan GDP ecological deficit, after 2006, the ecological deficit ten thousand GDP began to decrease year after year. The development ability of the province is fluctuating and increasing. Analyzing the relationship between per capita ten thousand yuan GDP of Heilongjiang province and the development capability indicators to find that, they are related, the correlation degree is 0.5844.(6)Heilongjiang can do something to improve sustainable development level, for example, to improve the agricultural productivity of the average, to develop circular economy, to improve ecological environment and use water resources and forest resources reasonable. |
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