Polylactic Acid Fiber Properties And Spinning Process

With people's demand of "Back of nature" and strengthen of environmental protection consciousness, "Green" health care textiles find favors with consumers gradually. Over recent years, Polylactic acid (PLA) fibers that have the biological degradability have attracted increasing interest owing to the fact that they lend themselves to manufacture from renewable resources, in particular, from corn-starch. Because this kind of fiber material has many excellent properties, such as excellent wickability shows faster moisture spread than polyester, good crease-resistance, high resiliency and elastic recovery, low odor retention, good dyeability, mildew resistance, low flammability, low smoke generation and heat of combustion, excellent UV resistance and so on, it provides a new chance for the development of textile industry. In this paper, the PLA fiber's production, the PLA fiber's structure and properties, the PLA fiber' spinning technique and the PLA yarn' properties were researched.In this paper, we introduced the PLA fiber's production technology in detail firstly. On the base of the realization about the PLA fiber's production, we tested the traditional fibers such as polyester fiber, polyamide fiber and so on, we realized the PLA fiber's good mechanics property, particularly its good elasticity property and good wearablity.In the research about the spinning property of the PLA yarn, according to the selected material and the application of the production, we have developed three series yarn production:PLA yarn, PLA/cotton blending yarn, and PLA/Tencel blending yarn. And we found the spinning property is intervenient between polyester fiber and polyamide fiber. Because of the properties of the PLA fiber, such as length neatly, good resilience, softy and smooth and so on, we must do something to avoid the fiber's entangling, nep appearance and looseness between the fibers. In the process of clean, the principle that excessive handling must be avoided should be obey. In carding, lighter sliver weight, lower drafts, slower carding rate, faster transfer should be used to avoid the bore or cloudiness in the web. In drawing, higher rollerpressure, middle sliver weight, slower rate can be used to reduce entangling fibers or jamming the coiler. The roller setting in roving should be chosen to suit a nominal 38mm fiber, roving twist levels is more than cotton and similar to those used for polyester or polyamide, that can control fibers to gain better roving quality. In ring spinning ,PLA fibers produce yams of high elongation, good regularity and few imperfections. Ring frame setting are chosen mainly to reduce yam hairiness and the risk of glazing or melting the fiber, the low melting point of the fiber must be kept in mind when considering the choice of traveler and actual production rates. Slower winding speeds give better final yam appearance, some decrease in yam tension may be needed to reduce the hardness of the package. With spinning test repeated, we defined the reasonable technology parameter of the PLA fiber's spinning. .Finally, we tested and analysis the PLA yam's properties, the weaving and dying technology of the PLA yarn were discussed.