Study On Fiber Performance And Spinning Technology

With continuous reinforcement of people’s demands to advocate and return to thenature, as well as awareness of environmental protection, green textile has becomeincreasingly favored by people. Recent years has witnessed the rise of a large amountof new type environmentally friendly fibers, such as modal, soybean fiber and chitinfiber. However, as a wild textile fiber, kapok fiber,which is naturally thin and light,with moderate flexibility, bright, clean, anti-mildew, mothproofing, acid-base proofunder normal temperature, antistatic, mite-driving and anti-bacteria, has attractedclose attention from people and the whole textile industry with its unique naturalfeatures. The comprehensive development of kapok fiber textile’s application not onlycomplies with consumers’ pursuit of healthy, comfortable, back-to-nature and greenenvironmental protection trend, but also breaks green trade barrier set up bydeveloped countries on our textile, opening up new profit growth points and relievingthe situation of intense fiber raw materials.This thesis mainly conducts analysis and studies on each index of kapok fiber,enhances spinning properties of kapok fiber through improving part of theperformance indexes that are not conducive to resultant yarn, as well as summarizesappropriate methods and techniques of spinning according to features of kapok fiber.This subject firstly conducts systematic tests on the structure, composition andperformance index of bombax cotton, then compares them with cotton fiber’sperformance, thus summarizing that bombax cotton has smooth surface with no twists,and its section structure is hollow thin fiber with relatively high percentage ofhollowness; its content of cellulose is low, which is only36.897%, and that ofhemicelluloses, lignin, cerolipid and water is26.188%,20.889%,5.388%and7.045%respectively; its length of fiber is relatively short, with the length of its mainbody being21.3mm and fineness being1.3dtex, which is rarely seen natural superfinefiber; the breaking strength is1.38cN dtex-1, its strength and breaking strength arelower than those of cotton fiver; the degree of crystallization of bombax cotton is54.6926%, its structure is loose than that of cotton fiber, its performance of absorbingand eliminating moisture is better, and its rate of moisture regain is10.73%.In the study of kapok fiber’s spinning property, due to its shortcomings as shortlength, low strength, poor cohesive force and spinnability, as well as lack of elasticity,fibers are difficult to spin solely.So,three different kinds of fibers are chosen-cotton,terylene and mucilage glue, which are blended with kapok fiber at different blendingrate respectively. Before processing, spray combing oil on kapok fiber firstly to keep acertain humidity, which can regulate static and dynamic friction coefficient betweenkapok fibers, reduce friction between fiber and running roller, together with avoid static and winding roller. The opening and cleaning procedures decontaminate kapokfiber only, and blend with blending fiber at a certain rate to the carding machine.Carding procedure works on a low, reduce losses and damage to the kapok fiber.Thedrawing procedure combines two draws and six root, the weight of the drawing slivershouldn’t be so light,or the drawing sliver is easy to break. The roving procedureshould prevent flying and accidental drafting from happening, coefficient of rovingtwist should be increased to guarantee favorable shaping of roving and no accidentaldrafting while backing-off, small tensile force should be mastered and rovingbreaking should be decreased. The spun yarn procedure should improve twist of spunyarn appropriately, and enhance yarn strength on the premise of less breaking.Finally, this thesis conducts a series of tests on performance of kapok fibersscribbled, thus summarizing that in the aspect of appearance, kapok fiber hasrelatively dark color and luster, fluffy yarn, and softer feel when comparing withcotton spun yarn; under conditions with the same textile techniques, kapok and cottonblended yarn are thicker than cotton spun yarn. In such aspects as evenness CV value,details, nub, breaking brute force and hairiness, blended yarn is worse than cottonspun yarn. However, kapok fiber has smooth surface, fiber will unbend under stresselongation, which increases slippage between fibers, thus making elongation atrupture superior than cotton blended yarn, but kapok fiber has high short fiber ratio.With the enhancement of the content of kapok fiber, elongation at rupture will alsogradually decrease. Blending kapok fiber with mucilage glue and terylene will givefull play to unique features of mucilage glue and terylene, besides, kapok fiberimproves feel of yarn by making it fluffy and soft; while in performance indexes,kapok fiber shares the similar disciplines with cotton blending.