The Loess Plateau Water Resources Carrying Capacity - Hejin City, Shanxi Province, For Example

Water resources is the basic resources, one of the important factors affecting the ecological environment, the strategic economic resources, and a organic component part of the national power of a country. In the great development of west China, water resources is the foundation for restoring and regenerating the regional ecology, the ecological measures including the withdrawing from farming to afforesting and grass?planting relies on the water resources. There for, it is of the significance to research the carrying capacity of the regional water resources, optimize the distribution of water resources, regulate the relations between the regional ecological regeneration, people's life, industrial and agricultural development and water resources, and achieve the regional sustainable.The Loess Plateau region is in the Center and Northwestern China and has the typical continent climate, Its' year precipitation mostly is 400mm and the water resources is shortage. The average runoff is under 1/3 that of China; the water resources of per person is only 22% of the national average level. This region, however, not only has the task to build energy chemical sources base, but also to build stockbreeding base, forest fruit base, food forage grass base, and to develop the irrigation, to empolder many wilderness. Furthermore, it has to reform the entiroment, prevent the desertification and send the sand to sea. The research on the water resources capacity in the Loess Plateau Region is important to realize the sustainable development, to correspond the relationship between the water resources and the entiroment, the life of people, the agricultural and industrial development.The Hejin city of Shanxi Province is in the Southeast of the Loess Plateau. It's social condition entiroment and social uptrend have the typical characters in the east of the Loess Plateau. Thus, the research on the water resources' demand & supply status and the water security utilizing policies can be used for reference to other parts of the Loess Plateau also. The water resource and its current using condition in Hejin city of Shanxi Province were analyzed in this paper. Based on the development rate of the Loess Plateau, the water demand & water supply from the year 2005 to 2050 was forecasted, and the water demand & water supply in different cases was analyzed. First each of the eight factors, i.e., per capita water resource available, per capita water requirement quantity, environmental water use rate, utilization rate of water resource, industrial waterrequirement quantity per 10,000 industrial product value, water requirement module, regional irrigation rate was analyzed. Then the water resource capacity in Hejin City was evaluated by applying the fuzzy comprehensive estimation. At last, the water resources security and countermeasure were given.Every parts of the eco-environmental water demand in Hejin City were analyzed and calculated in this paper. The eco-environmental water demand of 2001-2050 were calculated, and this method can be referenced to other parts of the Loess Plateau...