Yangshan Port Berthing Ship Safe Evacuation Methods. Windy Weather

The decision that to build Shanghai into an International Shipping Hub is an important and critical strategy which has been made by the CPC Central Committee, and will play a great role for China to participate in the international competition of economy, and will have a great significance to improve Chinese comprehensive strength. Therefore, the construction of Yangshan Port is foremost important. Due to the special geographical position of Yangshan Port, and built on the island, Yangshan Port is affected greatly by winds, and the days when wind-force level is beyond 7 are over 40 days on average every year. Large container ships have large windage area and deep draft, and will be influenced greatly by winds, currents in Yangshan Port. When ships evacuate from the berth or channel under the strongly windy weather, if the measures to be taken is improper, it is apt to causing harmful accidents, such as collision, grounding etc. Therefore, in Yangshan Port large container ship should be more cautious to evacuate under the strongly windy weather.By means of shipping handling simulator, which has been considerably mature in safety demonstration of the channel at present, this paper has done some pertinent researches on the measures that berthed ships should take during safely evacuating according to the local geographic and hydrological condition of Yangshan Port. This paper has produced measures of ship safety evacuation on the basis of carrying out the simulation tests on ship evacuation and analyzing a large number of test data. It will provide a considerably scientific reference for large container ships to evacuate safely from berth and channel under strong wind when Yangshan Port puts into use.Firstly, this paper analyzed the geographic position and natural condition of Yangshan Port in details, including hydrological and weather data, condition of quay and channel, container ship's types, traffic flow, etc. Then, according to the Designing Plan of Yangshan Port and the development trend of container ship, through study, analysis, comparison,the author has chosen two kinds of suitable simulation ship types separately; 5250TEU and 8000TEU. This paper has also introduced modeling method about simulation ship type; and compared relevant operation characteristics of the simulation ship type and that of corresponding original ship type; on this basis; drawing two conclusions: simulation ship type and prototype ship are similar; simulation result is considerably credible.Secondly; the paper reasonably considered condition of weather and hydrological when working out operating mode; and carried out the simulation tests on evacuating from berth and channel with two kinds of simulation ships through shipping handling simulator. On the basis of a large number of test data; analysis; and summarization; this paper has drawn out safety measures that large container ships evacuate from berth and channel under different wind scale and current condition; such as stationing of tugs; way of turning around; position of turning around; the time of evacuating; maneuvering and meeting rudder; maneuvering measures at waypoints etc.Finally; the paper analyzed the track-width data with difference analysis theory in the research on the feasibility of evacuating from the dredged channel; having drawn two conclusions: 5000TEU container ship would be considerably in danger when wind is over 10 scale; 8000TEU container ship would be considerably in danger when wind is over 9 scale. In the aspect of the study on choosing sheltered anchorage for evacuating ships; medium and small container ships can use the sheltered anchorage in the harbor; and large container ships should choose the suitable sheltered anchorage according to the factors; such as ship's condition; key element of wind and course; etc to resist strong wind; especially the typhoon.