| Phytogenic feed additives are plant-derived products, which obtained from plant material, have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant activity. Some studies have demonstrated that plants and their derivatives used in diets showed an improvement on growth performance, ecosystem of gastrointestinal microbiota and immunological capability of livestock. Moreover, their use has been well documented in terms of their ability to increase safely, antioxidant capability and shelf-life of meat product through their antimicrobial and antioxidant. The aim of this study was determine the effects of phytogenic feed additive on growth performance, antioxidant capatbility and carcass characteristics in weanling piglets and finishing pigs.In experiment 1, A total of 40 LY weanling piglets (32 days old) with an average initial body weight of (9.57±1.34) kg were randomly allotted into 5 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 2 piglets in each replicate. Piglets in each group were fed basic diet supplemented with 0.02% antibiotics and supplemented with 0%,0.02%,0.04%,0.06% phytogenic feed additive. On the third weeks, four piglets in each group were chosen to metabolism test, at last, all the faecal samples, urine samples as well as feed samples were store in refrigerator at-20℃until they were further analyzed the apparent digestibility for nutrient. On 28 d, pigs were weighted, and then bled via jugular venipuncture. Serum samples were separated by centrifugation, and then analyzed for MDA concentration, SOD and GSH-Px activity. The results showed:(1) The whole period, no differences were noted among treatments for ADG and F/G (P>0.05); ADFI in 0.02%PFA group increased by 16.17%(P<0.05) compare with 0% PFA group.(2) Phytogenic feed additive significantly increased energy,N and CP digestibility by5.21%,5.60% and 7.56%(P<0.05), respectively. compare with the weanling piglets from 0%PFA group.(3) Phytogenic feed additive significantly reduced the serum MDA contents (11.17%～18.40%) (P<0.05); In addition, phytogenic feed additive significantly increased the serum GSH-PX and SOD activity by (8.94%～15.01%) and (19.52%～ 25.36%) (P<0.05), respectively, compare with the weanling piglets from 0% PFA group.In experiment 2, twenty DLY finishing pigs with an average initial body weight of (83.75±5.83kg) were randomly allotted into 2 goups with 5 replicates in each group and 2 pigs in each replicate. Finishing pigs were fed control diet (basic diet) and test diet (basic diet+0.04% phytogenic feed additive), respectively. Six pigs in each group with similar body weight were slaughtered on day 28 to measure carcass traits and meat quality. Meat samples were collected for antioxidant capability measurement. Results:(4) During each 2-week interval and all experimental period, ADG, ADFI and feed/gain were not affected by the dietary treatments (P>0.05)(5) All carcass traits were not affected by feeding diets with phytogenic feed additive (P>0.05)(6) During cold storage, the a* values in longissimus thoracis muscle from finishing pigs fed with phytogenic feed additive were higher than pigs fed control diet, and at 45min and 24h after slaughtering, the increases for a* values were evident by 26.63% and 20.45% (P<0.05) respectively. Dietary phytogenic feed additive decreased the L* and b* values of meat at 96h after slaughtering by 6.48% and 15.03%(P<0.05), respectively. However, pH and drip loss of meat were not significantly affected by the dietary treatment during cold storage.(7) Phytogenic feed additive significantly reduced the pork MDA contents by 48.94%,46.27% and 44.71%(P<0.05) for 1,3 and 7 days after storage at 4℃, respectively, compare with the pork from control group. In addition, phytogenic feed additive significantly increased the pork GSH-PX and SOD activity by 67.34%,76.84%,59.05% and 36.67%,22%,41.34% for 1,3 and 7 days after storage at 4℃, respectively, compare with the pork from control group. In conclusions(1) Phytogenic feed additive had no effect on ADG and F/G in weanling piglets, but significantly increased ADFI of weanling piglets; Phytogenic feed additive significantly increased nutrient digestibility and serum antioxidant capability in weanling piglets. In this study, phytogenic feed additive can replace antibiotics as growth promoter use in weanling piglets diet and the recommended dose is 0.02%. (2) Phytogenic feed additive had no effect on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs, but significantly improved meat quality, as indicated by meat color and prolonged shelf-time by retarding lipid oxidation and increasing the antioxidative capability of pork during storage. |
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