Nutritional Evaluation And The Effects Of Jatropha Curcas Kernel Meal On The Growth Performance And Health Of Broliers

Two experiments were conducted for the evaluation of nutritive value of Jatropha Curcas Meal and the effect of Jatropha Curcas Meal on growth performance, biochemical indicators, meat quality and tissues lesion of broliers.Experiment 1:Evaluation of Nutritive Value of Jatropha Curcas MealThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the avalibility of AA, the metabolizable energy and the metabolizable rate of energy of both detoxified and non-detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal. Sixty 50-day-male Avian broliers were alltoed to 1 of 6 treatments with 10 replicates of 1 chick in a complete randomized design. Treatment 1 was basal diet(control); treatments 2 to 5 were Jatropha Curcas kernel mealsⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢorⅣ15% substituting for basal diet repectively; and all broilers in treatment 6 was hungry for detecting endogenous lost. The experiment lasted 7 days. Broliers were force-fed 50 g experimental diet except the treatment 6, and the feces was collected by total collection method through plastic bottle seamed at the hip of broilers.Basaed on dry matter, the crude protein content of Jatropha Curcas kernel meals were 66.87%,56.69%,56.27%,43.07%, respectively; the total energy of Jatropha Curcas kernel meals were 17.83 MJ/kg,18.31 MJ/kg,18.02 MJ/kg,22.88 MJ/kg, respectively; the apparent metabolizable energy of Jatropha Curcas kernel meals were 11.73 MJ/kg,12.16 MJ/kg,11.93 MJ/kg,15.23 MJ/kg, respectively; the true metabolizable energy of Jatropha Curcas kernel meals were 14.41 MJ/kg,14.91 MJ/kg,14.64 MJ/kg,18.66 MJ/kg, respectively. Amino acids in the Jatropha curcas meal were imbalance. The first limiting amino acid of Jatropha curcas meal was met hionine and the second limiting amino acid was lysine. The ratio of available TEAA(total essential amino acid content) to available TAA(total amino acid content) in Jatropha curcas meals were 58.21%,53.10%,54.11%,54.19%, respectively. Experiment 2:The effect of Jatropha Curcas kernel Meal on the growth performance, biochemical indicators, meat quality and tissues lesion of broliersThis experiment studied the effects of detoxified or non-detoxified Jatropha curcas kernal meal (D-JCKM or ND-JCKM) on the performance and health of male avain broilers. A total of 2701-d-old Avain male broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 treatments with 6 replicates of 15 chicks in a complete randomized design. Dietary treatments included the corn-soybean basal diet, the diet with D-JCKM or ND-JCKM to substitute for 50% crude protein from soybean meal in the control. All the diets were in mash. Broilers were fed in pen and free access to feed and water. Growth performance, tissues leison, meat quality and biological indicators, enzymes in blood were studied. At the d 21 and d 42, calculated the Body weight gain (BWG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion rate (FCR), and determined the meat quality and collected the blood serum for enzyme activity determination. During 0-21 d and 22-42 d, all broilers fed the diet with ND-JCKM were dead in 15days, while there was lower mortality in the control (1.11 & 0%) or ND-JCKM group (4.44 & 0%). Birds fed the control diet had higher BWG (670.1 & 538.9 g, P<0.01; 1625.4 & 1502.0 g, P<0.05), and ADFI (1034 & 935.1, P<0.01; 3124.4 & 2916.4g, P<0.05) than those fed the D-JCKM during d1～21 and d22-42, while lower FCR (1.55 & 1.74, P<0.01; 1.92 & 1.94, P<0.05) during d1～21. Fatty infiltration of dilated liver cells, atrophic gizzard, nephrohemia, pulmonary congestion, the erosions of small intestinal mucosa were found in the dead broilers fed ND-JCKM. At d 7, livers hyperemia, pulmonary congestion, fatty infiltration of dilated liver cells, atrophic gland cell of glandular stomach were found in broilers fed D-JCKM, while pulmonary congestion, dilated livers cells congestion, slight dilated kidney congestion were found in birds fed D-JCKM at d 42. There was no significant change between D-JCKM and the control, except pH, a45min. Some biological indicators about immunity of D-JCKM were significant higher than the control was, which indicated that D-JCKM simulated the immunity response,while some the others indicated that there was a little leison in tissues of brolier. Ther was no significant change between the D-JCKM and the control in digestibility. The results showed that ND-JCKM was toxic lethally to broilers and D-JCKM might be used as SBM substitute.