Regional Land Use Planning Environmental Impact Assessment Theory And Methods

Land is the essential resource which is basic for human survival. Land-use planning is planning and deploying the use of future land-use of planning region, which decides the using mode and layout of the land resources of the region. Since the implementation is based on obtaining certain economic interests, and the traditional development only chases the recent growth of social economic benefit, lack of necessary consideration of long-term social and ecological environment problems, land-use planning not only increases social economic, but also brings lots of environment problems, such as desertification and salinization, leading in the affection on the sustainable of part regional land-use, which is long-term, complex and sometimes irreversible. Environmental impact assessment of land-use planning can radically eliminate or reduce the negative impact to the environment, and coordinate the relation between the sustainable use of land resources and the social economic development; it is the essential part of establishing the planning and is the important guarantee of achieving sustainable use of regional land resources. At present, the study on environmental impact assessment of land-use planning is still immature, the theory and evaluation methods is still at an exploratory stage, needing urgent development and improvement. Therefore, researching on principles and methods of environmental impact assessment of land-use planning has important theoretical and practical significance.The paper systematically analyzes the environmental impact assessment issues of land-use planning by using methods of theoretical-empirical analysis and qualitative-quantitative analysis. Firstly, based on introducing domestic and foreign strategic environmental impact assessment, the paper describes the significance of the current implementation of environmental impact assessment of land-use. Secondly, the paper summarizes the important basic theories and common evaluation methods of environmental impact assessment of land-use. The basic theories are mainly composed of sustainable development theory, systems theory, man-land relationship coordination theory, landscape ecology, ecological economic theory and control theory, etc. Common evaluation methods are series of methodologies manly based on pressure-state-response, such as the DPSIR model, ecosystem service value method based on the ecosystem service value theory, combination of green GDP and ecological footprint and the degree of coordination development of land-use methods. The paper also simply outlines the collection of methods for different stages of the implementation of environmental impact assessment.Combined with the target of the sustainable land-use proposed by the United Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the current station of Dehong Prefecture, the paper establishes an index system based on the value model, which is different from the traditional methods based on PSR. The index system defines the value target of environmental impact assessment in advance, and then selects the appropriate value index, conducive to understanding the advantage of natural processes and promoting the advanced management methods; it needn't predict the possible environment problems from the planning, which does not separately consider the human activities and environmental processes. According to the results of environmental impact assessment of"land-use planning in Dehong Prefecture (2006-2020)", the paper proposes the measures and suggestions for optimization of land-use structure and protection of ecological environment, providing important theoretical basis for coordinating the interest relationship between economic, social and ecology of land-use planning, promoting optimal allocation of regional land resources, and finally achieving the sustainable use of regional land resources.