The Rural Land Transfer System, Choice, Innovation And Local Governments

Land is the most fundamental key element of production in agriculture and the condition on which persons or things rely for existence, just as Weilinpe. D says: "Labor is father of wealth and land is mother of wealth.". The problem of China is peasants and the problem of peasants is land. With the development of Chinese economic, rural land transferring becomes more and more important and is one of the hottest topics in the field studying.At present, the domestic and international scholars have gone relatively deep into the study of the state-run rural land conversion and have already formulated a systematic and perfect mode to contribute a standard in this field. The main content is focus on how to standardize the conversion system of rural collective land. But the basic research of economic theory involved in circulating is still very little, which leads to the fact that the study results can not be good operated in the real work. To view of this, the rural land transferring is studied extensively on the basis of domestic and international research achievements.Such theories as Marx's economic conversion theory, enterprise theory, property right theory, land rent and land price theory, the west economics' land rent and land price theory, land market and land transferring theory are discussed in this research. Based on those theory, land system from the federalism to land reform system, family responsibility system and land transferring system are studied.Land transferring plays an important role in such aspects as rural distribution and flows, force moving and increasing the peasants' income, the structure of rural production adjustment and attracting the fund of agricultural production and development. We must pay attention to these questions: unwanted land transferring; Rent problem; changed the usage of circulation land arbitrarily; the lack of policy and law of land transferring.In this article some conclusions are drawn: the peasant should enjoy the benefit of land price rising; the peasants have no way to enter agriculture land trading market; the peasant household should at least have part of acquisition right of the ground rent; whether the collective land enters the trade market or not should be decided by thecentral government.It is found in our research that there exist irregular behaviors in landtransferring. The government should try its best to supply the public products and services. At the same time the local government should pay more attentions as following aspects: making the reasonable land plan scientifically; reinforcing land ownership management; peeling off other society functions afforded by the land, restoring the land essential productive function; improving social security system in rural area; expanding peasants' employment channel; accelerating the metastasis of surplus rural labor.In sum, this paper aims at probing how to realize a rational and effective rural collective land conversion through the discussion of theories and methods of rural collective land circulation. This study has the important and realistic meanings of strengthening land resource management and realizing the rational and effective conversion of rural collective land resource.