Change Mechanism Of The Organization Of Agricultural Production

The agro-technological progress is considered as the foudation of the modern agriculture, and the strcture of economic organization determines the developing velocity of the technology stock and the success of economy. Consequently, it is necessary to set up an agricultural organization basing on the existing resources and the agro-technology. And so, This thesis studies the mechanism of agro-organization development, basing on the reviewing of the modernization process of American agro-technology.In the developing process of the agricultural economy, the change of economic enviroment initiates the transition of the rural populaiton. Therefore, the development of agriculture is handicapped by the scarcity of the labor, especially compared to the other resources. Because of this, agro-technology is inducd to change. At different stages of American agricultural economy development, the state of rural population is various, such as absolute quantity and its percentage of the general labor. Technology is put into practice according to relative factor cost, and relative factor cost is determined by the degree of scarcity in certain stage. These kind of transition lead to the change of the rural land scale, even the development of the agricultural organization. At the same time, it is pivotal that the agro-technology plays a sufficient condition in this process.Unexpectedly, the agro-technology do not posseses the inevitability of increasing the output per area immediately. However, the result may be decreasing in the short term. The precondition is that the type of orgraniztion has to be well-adapt to the change of the agro-technology. In the longterm, technology progress can result in the increase of the output per area. Even if the scale of land is constant, or the real acreage of land is invariable, the total output can be increased. Relative factor cost will lead farmers to use the new techonolgy instead of labor. However, the farmer will still be incentived to further the substitution and to change the scale of their farms. The reason is that the relative factor benefit will increase the demand of the new technology. How the agro-technology promotes the production of agriculture and what is the developing direction of the agro-techonology are explained by the change of land scale and the pattern of ownership.At the same time, the agro-technology as one kind of public goods must face the fact of being short of supply of the technological research and development, and the new agro-technology may not be absorbed by the agro-orgnization as a matter of course. Then, if the government can create a favorable institution to impel the technological research and development according to the relative scarcity of production factor, we can conclude that the institution is effective to realize the agro-technology, and thereby, the scarce resource can be offset. For this reason, this thesis also studies correlative policies in order to explain how the policies promote the change of agro-technology and the development of agro-organization.