| On liberation of the anti-Japanese war, the provinces and cities in the recaptured area together with the National Government took over the alien property on a large scale. The take-over played an important part in the work of the postwar National Government. Up to now, very little research has been done on this field in historiography. And research on the concerning take-over work in Hebei province even comes to zero. The essay tries to probe into and analyze the alien property take-over in Hebei province.Take-over by the National Government started in a hurry and completed in confusion and contending without unified procedures or any effective mechanism. The work lacked efficiency with abuses breaking out, and corruptions and theft occurring seriously. It has been agreed that the take-over by the National Government was a failure.It was just in confusion and contending that started the take-over in Hebei. The Hebei Party Administration Committee for Take-over was the main organization dealing with take-over businesses in Hebei, which involved almost all the departments of Hebei provincial government and accredited persons stationed in North China from each central department. The work was generally completed while the Party Administration Committee for Take-over was existing. The work was classified into finance, construction, education and culture, grains, and materials ,etc. and carried on respectively. It was the Hebei Financial Department that took the mam responsibility in terms of taking over financial properties. Cash, deposits, and various securities worthy of 60 million legal tender owned by alien Financial Department as well as other units was taken over. Besides, the Bank of Hebei took over the alien bank as well as its branches. On liquidation it was found that the alien bank was in heavy debt. Hebei province bore a heavy burden on taking over alien financial properties. It was mainly up to the Construction Department to take over the constructional facilities and properties. The work concerned such departments as manufacturing industries, mining industries, business operations, farms, transportation, communication, and water conservancy and so on.. A sound and huge plan had been made at the beginning of take-over and through efforts the provincial government took over more than 200 industrial and other units. However, after negotiatingwith the Alien Property Administration, most units were handed over to other departments by the latter. Very few was entitled to Hebei and only a couple of them resumed working. The take-over of educational and cultural departments was completed by the Educational Department. There were all together 61 units taken over including all levels of provincial schools and cultural and educational bodies. Compared with other departments, the Educational Department did a better job with tidy arrangement due to sufficient prepare. As for take-over of grains, it went to the Field and Grain Department mainly. Objects included different levels of alien grain warehouses, millers, grain stocks and some affiliates. Most take-over grain was appropriated for military purpose which provided a support in rear service for launching the civil war by reactionaries of the National Party. Take-over of various materials was the main point in Hebei. The Hebei Publicly-run business Administration Committee was especially set up for this purpose as the organization dealing with materials. The materials taken over by Hebei were summed up to more than 300 million legal tender. In the process of take-over, serious conflicts and contradictions occurred between Hebei authority and other take-over body such as the Alien Property Administration. Hebei province was in an unfavorable position in scrambling for take-over properties.As other provinces and cities, the take-over in Hebei was no more than a failure. Although there were some objective reasons for the failure in taking over the alien properties by the National Party authorities, the essential reason lied in corruption of the p... |
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