Japanese War And The Development Of Northwest Agriculture

Northwest China, as well as a world famous agricultural and pastoral area, is one of the most important birthplaces of Chinese civilization. However, in modern times, agriculture in this area has gradually become to fall behind, just owing to the corruption and incompetence of state political power, owing to constant natural and man-made calamities, and remote geographical position and its unique environment as well.Since 1930' s, the national government had had to place great emphasis on the development of Northwest China. After July 7th Incident of 1937, agriculture in this area was greatly developed, especially during the Anti-Japanese War, although we were confronted with all kinds of serious difficulties, such as the threatening of military affairs and economic crisis.I just collected a great deal of information and researched carefully into this problem. Here, I would like to make three relevant points. First, many new measures had been taken by the national government, which included adjusting the agricultural mechanism of administration and farming work , even planning numerous immigrants to reclaim wasteland as a whole and building irrigation and water conservancy projects, carrying agricultural loans forward, strengthening the application and dissemination of agricultural science and new techniques.Second, great achievements had been made by the government, which included increasing cultivated areas and agricultural production, developing commodity economy, bettering the relation between supply and demand.Third, some issues had been left, which included the injustice of land possession among the peasant and the rank limitation in Kuomintang, the defects in agriculturalloans and the flaws in land tax and imposing on levies, even the influence of inflation as well as the disadvantages of the policy in economic control.In my opinion, to do such research into this issue will have not only stronger academic values, but great realistic effects. Moreover, it' 11 greatly benefit our government in developing the agriculture in NorthWest China, and meanwhile make us clear of the two following aspects .One is that the policies in developing in this area should be going on without stopping .The other is that political power of grassroots unit in rural area should be critically reinforced.MA Jian- chang (Chinese contemporary history)Directed by-professor LI Yun- feng...