| Focused on the relationship between man's existence and man's essence, according to the main idea in this field on this subject in Marxism and what are the Chinese philosophers' arguments, my article emphasizes that we should grasp the essence of man according to his existence. In my article, the man's essence is expressed in a system which includes man's natural essence, man's social essence and man's practical essence. The natural essence is the material base, the social essence is the necessary manner of practice, while the practical essence is the foundation that different from man and other things.All these points are detailed in these parts respectively below:Introduction my article emphasizes that we should reject the procedure which grasping man's essence in the abstract way and the logic which studies the man's existence and other social questions from abstract conclusions. On the contrary, it is the only scientific way that we should chose to find out the man's essence from the man's existence.Part one man's natural existence and man's natural essence1. Studying the naturalist philosophy, we confirm that human is a natural existence in the first hand. And human natural existence is also the base of Marxist study on human.2. My article points out that the meaning of man's natural essence is the origination of man which means the man is from nature. No matter how the society changes and no matter how the man changes, man, as the body of flesh and blood, he cannot refuse the fact that he is from the nature. His natural essence provides and preserves his relation with the nature.3. It is defined that natural property includes all the characteristics from the nature, such as some physical and chemical property, eating and drinking, heredity, simple psychological reflection, instinct reflection against the disturb from outside, ect. The difference between the man's essence and man's natural property is also given.Part two man's social existence and social essence1. Man's social existence is the second layer of the man's existence, it is the basic living mode different from that of other animals.2. The total social relation is the man's essence tells us what the man's social essence means, and that is what Marx means, too. I interpret this concept and confirm thatthis concept expresses the man's essence in the social angle.3. The man's social property is different from the man's social essence. The man's social property consists of many respects, which points out that what the human is more than nature, which tells us man cannot depart from other people, While the human essence tells us that all these social relations are the one, which tells us the difference among the people. Part three man's spiritual existence and practical essence1. Human being is an existence of consciousness. And man's spirit is one of the symbols which tell the difference with the animal. This spiritual world is the special area owned only by man.2. It was emphasized by Marx that practical essence is the deep essence of man again and again, and also, practice is the unity of subject and object.3. The man's practical properties are the specialties what are shown in man's practice. These specialties, such as man's creativity, self consciousness and self decision-making power, reason, and so on, are shown in the production of spirit. Explaining the relationship between the spiritual production and other practice, I clarify the difference and the unity of the man's practical essence and his spiritual existence.Part four the unity of man's existence and the unity of man's essence1. The man's natural existence, the man's social existence and the man's spiritual existence are the one unity.2. Based on the unity of man's existence, the man's essences also become a unity. In the unity, the man's natural essence is the physical foundation, the social essence is the mode of practice, while the practical essence not only tells... |
PDF Full Text Request