On The Issue Of Chaos And Order In The Works Of William Shakespeare

The thesis generalizes some questions which are unconsciously presented in the Shakespeare' s dramas to one paradox. The paradox is that people heartedly construct the order which is thought the most reasonable but causes the most fearful disorder, is that people are proud of their good abilities which cause their blindness, suspicion, self-humiliation and atrocity. And when they correct these vices, they synchronously clear away their valuable ideals. So a series of Shakespeare' s dramas apply themselves to present the process during which the paradox is solved. At first, he consolidates and overthrows the kingship to explore the validity-Then he questions the individual authority because of the vague concepts about good and vice. At last, he gives up the desire of constructing the order by individuals and points to the metaphysical solution. The process is called negotiation.The negotiation is affected by Shakespeare' s political unconsciousness. The practical paradox that English society was full of order and disorder becomes the background of Shakespeare' s dramas. In chronicle plays, Henry Viand Richard III displays the opposition between the ethical morality and the political power. Shakespeare emphasizes the former. But Richard II overthrows the above conclusion and acknowledges the validity of the rebellion. Henry IVand Henry Vdebase the splendid victory of the patriotic war and the wise action of Henry Kto the disgrace, which are actually regnant techniques.In tragedies, Shakespeare firstly eulogizes the idealistic humanities but lastly abandons them. Humanism strengthens the good, emphasizes the opposition between the good and the vice, and overlooks the people' s inabilities, which unbalances the inner order of human nature. The voluntary actions are degenerated to peremptoriness andviolence. Brutus makes after others' will; excellent Hamlet admits he is in a maze; Lear gains his rebirth at the price of losing his self-respect; the kingship does not prove Macbeth' s grandness but buries all his hopes.The frequent failures in the fields of history and mentality stop Shakespeare from insisting on the material standards for the order. But all the people living in the world are still thirsty for a support to live on, although not everyone has the godliness or religion. The support is not something material but just a belief. From Brutus, Hamlet to Macbeth .they gradually realize the relative validity of human desires and efforts. The nihilistic atmosphere urges the hosts to pursue the force beyond the earth, which settles the foundation to transcend the paradox of order and disorder and prepares for the supreme order.The last dramas of Shakespeare neglect the opposition between order and disorder, and construct the belief to the supreme order, which needs two preconditions, one of which is to reorient the universal place of the human being, the other is to reevaluate the importance of disorder and vice. Disorder and vice presents the deficiencies and shortage of human being, which urge them to explore the further truth.