| Word category is a basic topic in grammar, it is important to divide word category before studying the grammar of one language. The division of Chinese word category is a difficult work. Since long ago, Chinese grammar scientists have conducted omni-directional and multi-angles research, and they have obtained big result, but there still has many problems. Adjective is one of the three important word category in Chinese, predecessors have taken researches in accordance and standards of the judgment of adjective, grammatical function of adjective, flexible application of adjective and so on. But theses centralize in modern Chinese, the study of ancient Chinese adjective just started, the differences of scholar's research results is big because of lag of research technique. So there is a big development space in the study of adjective.As one of Chinese earliest literature, Jinwen Shangshu systematically reflects the style and features of the language in Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty, and it plays the vital role to link the preceding with the following, which cannot be substituted. The author advances an exhaustive study on adjectives in Jinwen Shangshu, making the comprehensive analysis of their characteristics of word meaning, grammatical function as well as the constructing way of disyllabic adjectives, hoping to provide the use for reference for the comprehensive research on developing history of Chinese glossary and Chinese grammar.The thesis divides into four chapters.The first chapter is"The study of monosyllabic adjective in Jinwen Shangshu". We differentiate the monosyllabic verb in Jinwen Shangshu from the angle of word meaning, and divide them, discuss the relation of different adjectives, determinate their mutual restricts and influence. It analyzes many methods in which form adjective, discriminate synonymous monosyllabic adjectives from angles of semantics, the language uses, grammar and describe their application. By describing antonymous monosyllabic adjectives, we can see there is a system out of balance, the polymerization way and application of antonymous adjectives has its own characteristic.The second chapter is"The study of disyllabic adjective in Jinwen Shangshu". We divide disyllabic adjective into single-morpheme word, Synthetical word. There are most geminate words, and few binome word. Synthetical words is compound way mainly, other constructing way are still at a preliminary stage. Disyllabic adjective has its own characteristics such as the unitarity of semantics, the un-stability of morphology and so on.The third chapter is"The study of adjective grammar in Jinwen Shangshu". It analyzes syntax functions and grammar characteristics of adjective from the angle of function. Adjectives in Jinwen Shangshu act as attribute mainly, secondly as predicate. Adjective could be polished by degree adverb and be connected with object and complement, but it is restricted bu grammar. Multi-category words in adjectives in Jinwen Shangshu are account for great majority.The forth chapter is"The source and development of adjective in Jinwen Shangshu". It discusses form mechanism of adjective from angles of embryology and grammar-rization. It expounds the development of adjective in detail. The development of the meaning of a word arouses its void. Great majority of adverbs are generated from the void of adjective. After its void, the initial significance of adjectives still control and affect the syntax environment of distribution of new words. The time and degree of void are different, so the new form and the old form coexist in a organism. The grammar-rization of adjectives in Jinwen Shangshu embodies the general law of notional word's void. |
PDF Full Text Request