Era. Capital Of Anyang Water Environment And Urban Development, The Interaction Between Research

Water is source of life, the essential material resource of Human being existence and social development and the most active element in city Ecological environment. Natural wave, such as river and lake, is an import part of city ecological environment and they influence the selection of city location, layout, development and even decline by water supply, shipping and ecological environment. After a city is formed, the rivers and lakes are always be reconstructed and used as pools, ponds or channels because of production, life, transportation, etc, and this will influence the water environment. So we can say, water and city influences each other and have close relationship.The study object of this thesis is one of the eight ancient capitals of China, Anyang, including Yin Capital and Ye Capital. Yin Capital is located at the north west of current Anyang city and it was the capital of later Shang Dynasty. Ye Capital is located at the south west of Linzhang county and it was the capital of Cao-wei Dynasty, Hou-zhao Dynasty, Ran-wei Dynasty, Qian-yan Dynasty, Dong-wei Dynasty and Bei-qi Dynasty. They influenced and restricted each other with Huanshui River, Zhangshui River, etc. Under the guidance of Historical geography, the thesis studies the interaction between the water environment and the city development in ancient times making use of Historical geography and historical documents, and also studies the process and law of this interaction to some extent. History is the mirror for current times, we hope this study can give some suggestion to current Anyang city construction.The thesis is divided into 4 chapters.Chapter I . Expound the study object, clarify the related definitions and introduce current related study situation, reason of topic selection and the study methods.Chapter II. The study of the interaction between water environment and city development. It is divided into 4 sections, section 1 is about the influence of ancient Huanghe River, Zhangshui River, Qinshui River, Huanshui River, etc and Taihang mountains on the macroscopic location selection of Yin Capital. From the aspect of city development, section 2 and 3 talks about the influence on the city at the Huanbei and Xiaotun city ruin of the ground physical feature and Huanshui River, and also about the exploitation and use of Huanshui River during Yin Capital development. Section 4 analyses the influence on Yin Capital of ancient Huanghe River route change and the destroy of Huanshui River ecological environment.Chapter III. Talks about the interaction between Ye Capital water environment and city development. Firstly, this chapter recounts the influence of Zhangshui River, Huanshui River and Baigou River on macroscopic Ye Capital location selection from the aspect of military affairs, shipping, agriculture, etc. Secondly, it talks about how Zhangshui River and Huanshui River flow approach influenced north Ye Capital layout, especially the layout of gardens, also talks about the influence on the water environment of north YE-Capital development from the aspect of shipping, field irrigation and water supply for the city. Thirdly, it talks about the influence on microcosmic south Ye Capital location selection and layout of Zhangshui River, Huanshui River and the water conservancy projects at that times, about the changes of the water environment taken by drawing Zhangshui River into the city and the building of Wanjin channel. Fourthly, it talks about how the changes of shipping system of North China influenced Ye Capital wane after Sui and Tang Dynasty, such as the built of the South and North Canal and the abandon of Licao channel.Chapter IV.Part 1 Huanshui River Time. Influenced by the mountains and rivers circumstances, Yin Capital chose the west of ancient Huanghe River, the east of Taihang mountains, the south of Zhangshui River and the north of Qishui River and built north Huanshui city at the north bank of Huanshui River and Xiaotun ancestral temple palace area at the south bank of Huanshui River. Huanshui River was obviously re-built and used after Yin Capital became the capital, channels divided from Huanshui River at the east and south of Xiaotun ancestral temple palace area can prove this with no doubts.Part 2 Zhangshui River time. Zhangshui River was the economy cause for Caocao took Ye Capital as his capital and Baigou River was the transportation reason. During the capital time, the governments successively built Pinglu channel, Quanzhou channel, Wanjin channel, etc. Connected Huanshui River, Zhangshui River and Huanghe River formed the North China shipping system with Ye Capital as the center and they strongly influenced the water environment. The opening of the North and South Canal at Suiting Dynasty and the abandon of Licao channel mainly caused the collapse of Ye Capital.Part 3. Enlightenment taken by interaction law between water environment and city development to the plan and construction of Anyang city.