| About the Western Zhou Dynasty land management,in literature "Annals of Zuo","Shihchi". "Zhou rite·Big Situ","Poetry" and so on has the record,but is quite isolated,like "Annals of Zuo" is only mentioned that some enfeoff,the management situation."Poetry" mainly mentioned grants Lu Bo.to award the Han Hou poem:"Shihchi·Zhou Ben the discipline" mainly mentioned the Western Zhou Dynasty time several times enfeoffs greatly.Simultaneously "Shihchi" each big aristocratic family introduced the Western Zhou Dynasty various countries,each seal the situation which greatly particularly country's the formation and enfeoffs;"Zhou rite·Big Situ" involved some related land management official especially exhaustively,like big Situ.Xiao Situ,sealed the human, the county teacher,then the human,then,then doctor,the county and so on.But above these are also a scattered material,does not have the synthetic study.The unearthed bronze inscription material and pre-Qin literature have massively about the land management aspect record,sees the Western Zhou Dynasty time land management mainly to have the Western Zhou Dynasty time country to the land management,the patriarchal clan to the land management as well as the land transfer and so on three aspects.The Western Zhou Dynasty time country carries on to the land enfeoffs,grants,this both has in a big way enfeoffs the founding of the nation,and has the Western Zhou Dynasty dynasty by "the earth,the field,to pick,Yi" four forms to bestow the land the aristocrat and the official under the emperor."earth" the form in the bronze inscription by "the name + earth + quantity","the name + earth",only has "the place noun","the earth field" and indistinct "the earth" the sentence type appears;"field" form in bronze inscription by "field + geographic name + quantity,field + quantity + geographic name","field + geographic name",non-concrete "field" the form appears;"picks" and "Yi" is the direct appearance.At the same time,the Western Zhou Dynasty country also has the authority which to the land changes seals,truncates seals and increases seals,this is decided by the Western Zhou Dynasty time central collection authority and legality.The Western Zhou Dynasty time patriarchal clan mainly carries on the central dynasty to the land management,but differs from.Sovereign after obtaining the land which the week king enfeoffs, by "'well","field" and "earth" the form further enfeoffs again the land,grants,ls different changes in the central dynasty to the land seals,truncates seals and increases seals,when patriarchal clan internal land shift develops through the land redistribution as well as the patriarchal clan members to the land takes realizes.The land shift can realize the foundation is the Western Zhou Dynasty central collection authority and legality.This point in琱lives four to manifest especially obviously.The Western Zhou Dynasty time's land management has the special official,mainly has five uncle,in the history,to have the department,the boy,Shi Zheng and so on.The Western Zhou Dynasty time land transfer's appearance has its specific reason,in the bronze inscription demonstrated the reason is various.Moreover.the land transfer also needs to fulfill the essential procedure,including:1st.litigant both sides establish the agreement:2nd,participation related official:3rd,the surveying boundary,seals;4th,the painting,draws up a contract:5th,swore:6th, finalizes officially - -(is given),pays:7th,invites,the ritual to deliver all quarters personnel. Certainly is not each exchange can experience the complete link,the most exchanges are only experience several links.The land exchange's concrete form mainly has:"field,earth exchange", "field.exchange" and compensation.The Western Zhou Dynasty time land exchange's appearance and the development,then evolved the naked struggle field event to the Spring and Autumn Period time.Through studies us to be possible to see the Western Zhou Dynasty land management the characteristic - - multiplicity. |
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