Ancient Chinese Culling Hermit Pass

Reclusion is a very special cultural phenomenon that affords for thought in Chinese traditional culture.As the principal part of reclusive activities,recluses were a unique social colony in ancient China.Normally speaking,they were far from political center,even lived alone and avoided other people,they were marginal conoly in society.However,during lengthy historic course,recluses neither lost deep in history quietly nor got out of sight of historians.Contrarilly, there were 15 parts out of the Twenty-Four History Books which were usually regarded as the official history,laying emphases on recluses and record their stories.These biographies of recluses were important and of great literary,historical and philosophic values.And this paper tries to make primary analysis and discussion on these biograhpies.This paper consists of four chapters,except for introduction and conclusions.Thereinto, actuality and meaning of this study was depicted in introduction briefly.Chapter 1 discussesd naissance and progress of these biographies,about which the composing condition was summarized,and reason for composing /going round was explored furthermore.The reason discussed in this article contains four parts:1,naissance and progress of reclusion;2,development of history record format;3,impact of recording concept of historian during each dynasties;4,advocate and encouragement from governers.Chapter 2 emphasized on style characteristic of the biographies of recluses.The analysis started with four points of view:on framework format,the biographies usually utilized basic structure such as "preface + text +(statement)";on choice of case style,the biographies attached importance to common characteristic,as well as individuality;on narration style,the total style of the biographies gave priority to simplicity,regardless of various narrating methods;what's more, there were full of fantastic records in these biographies.Chapter 3 discussed the biographies and reclusive culture formation as follows:sections 1 discussed impacts of the biographies to formation of correlated reclusive theory from a theory point of view;section 2 discussed the biographies on recording of recluses' daily life,including substantial needs(food,cloths etc.),intercommunication and travel,potation,whiff etc,which was essential to recording of reclusive practice;section 3,colligating analysis of the former two sections from perspective of reclusive culture inheritance,discussed function of the biographies on the formation and inheritance of culture.Chapter 4 mainly explored literal values of the biographies.The biographies of recluses in the Twenty-Four History Books were important to composition of literature and formation of reclusive literature systerm.Moreover,lots of poesy,Chinese Fu,as well as many other applicable style were preserved in these biographies and they were important datum for literature style study.There were also primary comments on poem which could be used for reference in today's literature study.Finally,brief tidying was made on composing conditions of biographies in history in the conclusion part,in order to provide reference for official history,and make the description more detailed.This paper started from biography tests,then explored the common characteristics through summing up,stat,comparison of origin material,then dug out value of reclusive story,and finally tried to catch big insight from small and find out possible directions for similar story study.